✕
Find the best tutors and institutes for Class 12 Tuition
Find Best Class 12 Tuition
Q7.24 (iv):
Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: 1-Methoxyethane
Solution :
Step 1: Theoretical Foundation of Williamson’s Synthesis
Williamson’s synthesis is a laboratory method for the preparation of symmetrical and unsymmetrical ethers. It involves the reaction of an alkoxide ion ($RO^-$) acting as a nucleophile with a primary alkyl halide ($R'-X$) via an $S_N2$ mechanism [Per the Mechanism of Nucleophilic Substitution].
The general reaction is: $R-O^-Na^+ + R'-X \rightarrow R-O-R' + NaX$. For the preparation of 1-Methoxyethane ($CH_3-O-CH_2CH_3$), we must choose the combination that avoids competing $E2$ elimination reactions by ensuring the alkyl halide is primary.
Step 2: Selection of Reagents
1-Methoxyethane consists of a methoxy group ($-OCH_3$) and an ethyl group ($-CH_2CH_3$). To optimize yield, the alkyl halide component should be the least sterically hindered species to facilitate the $S_N2$ attack.
- Option A: Sodium methoxide ($CH_3ONa$) + Chloroethane ($CH_3CH_2Cl$). Preferred because the alkyl halide is primary.
- Option B: Sodium ethoxide ($CH_3CH_2ONa$) + Chloromethane ($CH_3Cl$). Also feasible, though methyl halides are highly reactive.
Step 3: Chemical Equation
Using Sodium methoxide and Chloroethane:
$CH_3ONa + CH_3CH_2Cl \xrightarrow{\Delta} CH_3-O-CH_2CH_3 + NaCl$
Step 4: Visualizing the $S_N2$ Mechanism
Step 5: Analytical Summary Table
| Component | Chemical Formula |
|---|---|
| Nucleophile (Alkoxide) | $CH_3ONa$ (Sodium methoxide) |
| Electrophile (Alkyl halide) | $CH_3CH_2Cl$ (Chloroethane) |
| Target Ether | $CH_3-O-CH_2CH_3$ (1-Methoxyethane) |
Final Solution: The preparation of 1-Methoxyethane via Williamson’s synthesis is achieved by reacting sodium methoxide ($CH_3ONa$) with chloroethane ($CH_3CH_2Cl$), resulting in $CH_3-O-CH_2CH_3$ and sodium chloride ($NaCl$).
More Questions from Class 12 Chemistry Alcohols Exercises
- Q7.1: Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1: Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1: Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1: Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1: Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1: Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1: Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1: Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1: Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1: Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1 (x): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds: \(C_{6}H_{5}–O–C_{2}H_{5}\)
- Q7.1 (xi): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds: \(C_{6}H_{5}–O–C_{7}H_{15}(n–)\)
- Q7.1(i): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1(ii): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1(iii): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1(iv): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1(ix): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1(v): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1(vi): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1(vii): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1(viii): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1(x): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1(xi): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.1(xii): Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
- Q7.10: Write chemical reaction for the preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene.
- Q7.10: Write chemical reaction for the preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene.
- Q7.11: Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol.
- Q7.11: Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol.
- Q7.12: You are given benzene, conc. \(H_{2}SO_{4}\) and \(NaOH\). Write the equations for the preparation of phenol using these reagents.
- Q7.12: You are given benzene, conc. ((H_{2}SO_{4})) and NaOH. Write the equations for the preparation of phenol using these reagents.
- Q7.13 (i): Show how will you synthesise: 1-phenylethanol from a suitable alkene.
- Q7.13 (ii): Show how will you synthesise: cyclohexylmethanol using an alkyl halide by an \(S_{N}2\) reaction.
- Q7.13 (iii): Show how will you synthesise: pentan-1-ol using a suitable alkyl halide?
- Q7.13(i): Show how will you synthesise: 1-phenylethanol from a suitable alkene.
- Q7.13(ii): Show how will you synthesise: cyclohexylmethanol using an alkyl halide by an ((S_{N}2)) reaction.
- Q7.13(iii): Show how will you synthesise: pentan-1-ol using a suitable alkyl halide?
- Q7.14: Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol. Compare acidity of phenol with that of ethanol.
- Q7.14: Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol. Compare acidity of phenol with that of ethanol.
- Q7.15: Explain why is ortho nitrophenol more acidic than ortho methoxyphenol ?
- Q7.15: Explain why is ortho nitrophenol more acidic than ortho methoxyphenol ?
- Q7.16: Explain how does the \(–OH\) group attached to a carbon of benzene ring activate it towards electrophilic substitution?
- Q7.16: Explain how does the –OH group attached to a carbon of benzene ring activate it towards electrophilic substitution?
- Q7.17 (i): Give equations of the following reactions: Oxidation of propan-1-ol with alkaline \(KMnO_{4}\) solution.
- Q7.17 (ii): Give equations of the following reactions: Bromine in \(CS_{2}\) with phenol.
- Q7.17 (iii): Give equations of the following reactions: Dilute \(HNO_{3}\) with phenol.
- Q7.17 (iv): Give equations of the following reactions: Treating phenol wih chloroform in presence of aqueous \(NaOH\).
- Q7.17(i): Give equations of the following reactions: Oxidation of propan-1-ol with alkaline ((KMnO_{4})) solution.
- Q7.17(ii): Give equations of the following reactions: Bromine in ((CS_{2})) with phenol.
- Q7.17(iii): Give equations of the following reactions: Dilute ((HNO_{3})) with phenol.
- Q7.17(iv): Give equations of the following reactions: Treating phenol wih chloroform in presence of aqueous NaOH.
- Q7.18 (i): Explain the following with an example. Kolbe’s reaction.
- Q7.18 (ii): Explain the following with an example. Reimer-Tiemann reaction.
- Q7.18 (iii): Explain the following with an example. Williamson ether synthesis.
- Q7.18 (iv): Explain the following with an example. Unsymmetrical ether.
- Q7.18(i): Explain the following with an example. Kolbe’s reaction.
- Q7.18(ii): Explain the following with an example. Reimer-Tiemann reaction.
- Q7.18(iii): Explain the following with an example. Williamson ether synthesis.
- Q7.18(iv): Explain the following with an example. Unsymmetrical ether.
- Q7.19: Write the mechanism of acid dehydration of ethanol to yield ethene.
- Q7.19: Write the mechanism of acid dehydration of ethanol to yield ethene.
- Q7.2 (i): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 2-Methylbutan-2-ol
- Q7.2 (ii): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 1-Phenylpropan-2-ol
- Q7.2 (iii): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 3,5-Dimethylhexane –1, 3, 5-triol
- Q7.2 (iv): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 2,3 – Diethylphenol
- Q7.2 (ix): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: Cyclopent-3-en-1-ol
- Q7.2 (v): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 1 – Ethoxypropane
- Q7.2 (vi): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 2-Ethoxy-3-methylpentane
- Q7.2 (vii): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: Cyclohexylmethanol
- Q7.2 (viii): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 3-Cyclohexylpentan-3-ol
- Q7.2 (x): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 4-Chloro-3-ethylbutan-1-ol.
- Q7.2(i): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 2-Methylbutan-2-ol
- Q7.2(ii): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 1-Phenylpropan-2-ol
- Q7.2(iii): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 3,5-Dimethylhexane –1, 3, 5-triol
- Q7.2(iv): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 2,3 – Diethylphenol
- Q7.2(ix): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: Cyclopent-3-en-1-ol
- Q7.2(v): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 1 – Ethoxypropane
- Q7.2(vi): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 2-Ethoxy-3-methylpentane
- Q7.2(vii): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: Cyclohexylmethanol
- Q7.2(viii): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 3-Cyclohexylpentan-3-ol
- Q7.2(x): Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: 4-Chloro-3-ethylbutan-1-ol.
- Q7.20 (i): How are the following conversions carried out? Propene \(\rightarrow\) Propan-2-ol.
- Q7.20 (ii): How are the following conversions carried out? Benzyl chloride \(\rightarrow\) Benzyl alcohol.
- Q7.20 (iii): How are the following conversions carried out? Ethyl magnesium chloride \(\rightarrow\) Propan-1-ol.
- Q7.20 (iv): How are the following conversions carried out? Methyl magnesium bromide \(\rightarrow\) 2-Methylpropan-2-ol.
- Q7.20(i): How are the following conversions carried out? Propene ((\rightarrow)) Propan-2-ol.
- Q7.20(ii): How are the following conversions carried out? Benzyl chloride ((\rightarrow)) Benzyl alcohol.
- Q7.20(iii): How are the following conversions carried out? Ethyl magnesium chloride ((\rightarrow)) Propan-1-ol.
- Q7.20(iv): How are the following conversions carried out? Methyl magnesium bromide ((\rightarrow)) 2-Methylpropan-2-ol.
- Q7.21 (i): Name the reagents used in the following reactions: Oxidation of a primary alcohol to carboxylic acid.
- Q7.21 (ii): Name the reagents used in the following reactions: Oxidation of a primary alcohol to aldehyde.
- Q7.21 (iii): Name the reagents used in the following reactions: Bromination of phenol to 2,4,6-tribromophenol.
- Q7.21 (iv): Name the reagents used in the following reactions: Benzyl alcohol to benzoic acid.
- Q7.21 (v): Name the reagents used in the following reactions: Dehydration of propan-2-ol to propene.
- Q7.21 (vi): Name the reagents used in the following reactions: Butan-2-one to butan-2-ol.
- Q7.21(i): Name the reagents used in the following reactions: Oxidation of a primary alcohol to carboxylic acid.
- Q7.21(ii): Name the reagents used in the following reactions: Oxidation of a primary alcohol to aldehyde.
- Q7.21(iii): Name the reagents used in the following reactions: Bromination of phenol to 2,4,6-tribromophenol.
- Q7.21(iv): Name the reagents used in the following reactions: Benzyl alcohol to benzoic acid.
- Q7.21(v): Name the reagents used in the following reactions: Dehydration of propan-2-ol to propene.
- Q7.21(vi): Name the reagents used in the following reactions: Butan-2-one to butan-2-ol.
- Q7.22: Give reason for the higher boiling point of ethanol in comparison to methoxymethane.
- Q7.22: Give reason for the higher boiling point of ethanol in comparison to methoxymethane.
- Q7.23: Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:
- Q7.23: Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:
- Q7.23: Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:
- Q7.23: Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:
- Q7.23: Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:
- Q7.23(i): Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:
- Q7.23(ii): Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:
- Q7.23(iii): Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:
- Q7.23(iv): Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:
- Q7.23(v): Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:
- Q7.23(vi): Give IUPAC names of the following ethers:
- Q7.24 (i): Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: 1-Propoxypropane
- Q7.24 (ii): Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: Ethoxybenzene
- Q7.24 (iii): Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: 2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane
- Q7.24(i): Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: 1-Propoxypropane
- Q7.24(ii): Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: Ethoxybenzene
- Q7.24(iii): Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: 2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane
- Q7.24(iv): Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: 1-Methoxyethane
- Q7.25: Illustrate with examples the limitations of Williamson synthesis for the preparation of certain types of ethers.
- Q7.25: Illustrate with examples the limitations of Williamson synthesis for the preparation of certain types of ethers.
- Q7.26: How is 1-propoxypropane synthesised from propan-1-ol? Write mechanism of this reaction.
- Q7.26: How is 1-propoxypropane synthesised from propan-1-ol? Write mechanism of this reaction.
- Q7.27: Preparation of ethers by acid dehydration of secondary or tertiary alcohols is not a suitable method. Give reason.
- Q7.27: Preparation of ethers by acid dehydration of secondary or tertiary alcohols is not a suitable method. Give reason.
- Q7.28 (i): Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with: 1-propoxypropane
- Q7.28 (ii): Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with: methoxybenzene
- Q7.28 (iii): Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with: benzyl ethyl ether.
- Q7.28(i): Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with: 1-propoxypropane
- Q7.28(ii): Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with: methoxybenzene
- Q7.28(iii): Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with: benzyl ethyl ether.
- Q7.29: Explain the fact that in aryl alkyl ethers (i) the alkoxy group activates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution and (ii) it directs the incoming substituents to ortho and para positions in benzene ring.
- Q7.29: Explain the fact that in aryl alkyl ethers (i) the alkoxy group activates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution and (ii) it directs the incoming substituents to ortho and para positions in benzene ring.
- Q7.3 (i): Draw the structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula \(C_{5}H_{12}O\) and give their IUPAC names.
- Q7.3 (ii): Classify the isomers of alcohols as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.
- Q7.3(i): Draw the structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula ((C_{5}H_{12}O)) and give their IUPAC names.
- Q7.3(ii): Classify the isomers of alcohols as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.
- Q7.30: Write the mechanism of the reaction of \(HI\) with methoxymethane.
- Q7.30: Write the mechanism of the reaction of HI with methoxymethane.
- Q7.31 (i): Write equations of the following reactions: Friedel-Crafts reaction – alkylation of anisole.
- Q7.31 (ii): Write equations of the following reactions: Nitration of anisole.
- Q7.31 (iii): Write equations of the following reactions: Bromination of anisole in ethanoic acid medium.
- Q7.31 (iv): Write equations of the following reactions: Friedel-Craft’s acetylation of anisole.
- Q7.31(i): Write equations of the following reactions: Friedel-Crafts reaction – alkylation of anisole.
- Q7.31(ii): Write equations of the following reactions: Nitration of anisole.
- Q7.31(iii): Write equations of the following reactions: Bromination of anisole in ethanoic acid medium.
- Q7.31(iv): Write equations of the following reactions: Friedel-Craft’s acetylation of anisole.
- Q7.32: Show how would you synthesise the following alcohols from appropriate alkenes?
- Q7.32: Show how would you synthesise the following alcohols from appropriate alkenes?
- Q7.32: Show how would you synthesise the following alcohols from appropriate alkenes?
- Q7.32: Show how would you synthesise the following alcohols from appropriate alkenes?
- Q7.32(i): Show how would you synthesise the following alcohols from appropriate alkenes?
- Q7.32(ii): Show how would you synthesise the following alcohols from appropriate alkenes?
- Q7.32(iii): Show how would you synthesise the following alcohols from appropriate alkenes?
- Q7.32(iv): Show how would you synthesise the following alcohols from appropriate alkenes?
- Q7.33: When 3-methylbutan-2-ol is treated with HBr, the following reaction takes place: Give a mechanism for this reaction. (Hint : The secondary carbocation formed in step II rearranges to a more stable tertiary carbocation by a hydride ion shift from 3rd carbon atom.
- Q7.33: When 3-methylbutan-2-ol is treated with HBr, the following reaction takes place: Give a mechanism for this reaction. (Hint : The secondary carbocation formed in step II rearranges to a more stable tertiary carbocation by a hydride ion shift from ((3^{rd})) carbon atom.)
- Q7.4: Explain why propanol has higher boiling point than that of the hydrocarbon, butane?
- Q7.4: Explain why propanol has higher boiling point than that of the hydrocarbon, butane?
- Q7.5: Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular masses. Explain this fact.
- Q7.5: Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular masses. Explain this fact.
- Q7.6: What is meant by hydroboration-oxidation reaction? Illustrate it with an example.
- Q7.6: What is meant by hydroboration-oxidation reaction? Illustrate it with an example.
- Q7.7: Give the structures and IUPAC names of monohydric phenols of molecular formula, \(C_{7}H_{8}O\).
- Q7.7: Give the structures and IUPAC names of monohydric phenols of molecular formula, ((C_{7}H_{8}O)).
- Q7.8: While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reason.
- Q7.8: While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reason.
- Q7.9: Give the equations of reactions for the preparation of phenol from cumene.
- Q7.9: Give the equations of reactions for the preparation of phenol from cumene.
CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Alcohols
Chapters in CBSE - Class 12 Chemistry
Top Tutors who teach Alcohols
(45)
Top Tutor
L. B. Nagar Chandrapuri Colony, Hyderabad
10 yrs of
Exp
3 students
554 hrs of classes completed
500
per hour
Professional tutor in English Language & Literature with nearly 20 years of experience in teaching.
Online Classes
Taught the same course for the Ministry of Education of in a country called Brunei Darussalam. After relocated to India I had been teaching in BHAT'S CLASSES, BANGALORE before the pandemic for both CBSE/ICSE & the STATE SYLLABI.
Skills:
English
Also teaches:
Spoken English, MA Tuition
and more
(47)
Super Tutor
Panvel, Mumbai
12 yrs of
Exp
21 students
3286 hrs of classes completed
500
per hour
Engineering Graduate, Result Oriented Physics Tutor having more than 15 years of Experience.
Online Classes
I provide private tuition for Physics and Mathematics for Class XI and XII (All Boards) Physics for Engineering Aspirants Physics for Medical Aspirants Class IX and X Mathematics and Science.
Nilotpal Samaddar
I am grateful that my son have been taught by you. Your dedication, knowledge, and passion for teaching make every class engaging and productive. You explain complex concepts in a simple and understandable manner. Thank you Sir .
Skills:
Physics
Also teaches:
NEET-UG Coaching, Class 11 Tuition
and more
(7)
Top Tutor
HRBR Layout, Bangalore
20 yrs of
Exp
5 students
1000
per hour
Ielts and english tutor with 30 years of teaching experience
Online Classes
Student's Home
Tutor's home
I have 30 years of experience in teaching IELTS and English to students in Class I-V and Class X-XII. I have worked in international schools with IB and Cambridge syllabus. I am working as Head of the ESL ( English as Second Language) department.
Simran Malhotra
Wonderful, excellent teacher. Clears the concept. Well versed with IB syllabus. My son really improved his grades under her teaching.
Skills:
English
Also teaches:
Class 11 Tuition, Class 10 Tuition
and more
(7)
Top Tutor
Sector 117, Noida
20 yrs of
Exp
2 students
23 hrs of classes completed
Your Performance First, Not Fee.
Online Classes
Student's Home
I am result oriented professional teacher, i have long experience in commerce. i show my performance through results, if you ready to pay, i can give results. i confirm the best result for good number of students from reputed schools of Noida. i teach few students only ever year. either you call immediately or you can count me to call in future, if you will not get result.
Also teaches:
BCA Tuition, Class 11 Tuition
and more
(4)
Top Tutor
Patel Nagar Baljit Nagar, Delhi
7 yrs of
Exp
1 student
24 hrs of classes completed
400
per hour
Online Classes
Student's Home
Concepts will be explained in detail.Marking scheme of Cbse question papers will be discussed. Explanation of case study and technique to crack them. All query will be resolved.
Diya Goel
The class is really interactive and informative. The teacher is also really good and patient.
Skills:
Accountancy
,
Business Studies
Also teaches:
Class 11 Tuition
×
