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Q5.7 (iv):
Using IUPAC norms write the systematic names: ([Co(NH_{3})_{4}Cl(NO_{2})]Cl)

Solution :

Step 1: Identification of Coordination Entity and Counter Ion

The given coordination compound is $[Co(NH_{3})_{4}Cl(NO_{2})]Cl$. The entity inside the square brackets represents the coordination sphere, while the $Cl$ outside the bracket represents the ionic (counter) sphere.

  • Central Metal Ion: Cobalt ($Co$)
  • Ligands: Four Ammine ($NH_{3}$), one Chloro ($Cl$), and one Nitro ($NO_{2}$)
  • Counter Ion: Chloride ($Cl^{-}$)

Step 2: Determination of the Oxidation State of the Central Metal

Let the oxidation state of Cobalt be $x$. Applying the principle of electroneutrality [Per IUPAC Nomenclature Rules for Coordination Compounds]:

$(x) + 4 \cdot (charge\ of\ NH_{3}) + 1 \cdot (charge\ of\ Cl^{-}) + 1 \cdot (charge\ of\ NO_{2}^{-}) + 1 \cdot (charge\ of\ Cl^{-}_{outside}) = 0$

$x + 4(0) + 1(-1) + 1(-1) + 1(-1) = 0$

$x - 1 - 1 - 1 = 0 \implies x - 3 = 0 \implies x = +3$

The oxidation state of Cobalt is $III$.

Step 3: Alphabetical Ordering of Ligands

Following IUPAC guidelines, ligands are named in alphabetical order regardless of the number of ligands present [Rule: Alphabetical Order of Ligands]:

  • Ammine ($NH_{3}$): Starts with 'a'
  • Chloro ($Cl$): Starts with 'c'
  • Nitro ($NO_{2}$): Starts with 'n'

Order: Ammine $\rightarrow$ Chloro $\rightarrow$ Nitro.

Step 4: Systematic IUPAC Naming Construction

Constructing the name based on the sequence: [Prefixes for ligands] + [Name of ligands in alphabetical order] + [Name of metal] + [Oxidation state in Roman numerals] + [Counter ion].

  1. Prefix for 4 $NH_{3}$: tetraammine
  2. Ligand $Cl$: chloro
  3. Ligand $NO_{2}$: nitro
  4. Metal: cobalt
  5. Oxidation state: (III)
  6. Counter ion: chloride

Step 5: Visual Representation of the Coordination Sphere

Co(NH₃)₄Cl(NO₂) Cl Coordination Sphere

Final Solution: Tetraamminechloronitrocobalt(III) chloride


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