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Q5.6 (vii):
Using IUPAC norms write the formulas: Potassium tri(oxalato)chromate(III)

Solution :

Step 1: Identification of Coordination Sphere Components

To determine the chemical formula, we dissect the IUPAC name "Potassium tri(oxalato)chromate(III)" into its constituent parts based on coordination nomenclature rules [Per IUPAC Recommendations for Inorganic Chemistry]:

  • Central Metal Ion: "chromate" indicates that the complex ion is anionic. The metal is Chromium ($Cr$).
  • Ligands: "tri(oxalato)" specifies three oxalate ions. Oxalate is an ambidentate chelating ligand denoted as $C_2O_4^{2-}$ (often abbreviated as $ox$).
  • Counter Ion: "Potassium" ($K^+$) outside the coordination sphere balances the charge of the complex anion.
  • Oxidation State: The Roman numeral (III) indicates the oxidation state of Chromium is $+3$.

Step 2: Determining the Charge of the Coordination Entity

We calculate the net charge ($x$) of the complex ion $[Cr(C_2O_4)_3]^x$ using the oxidation state of the central metal and the charge of the ligands:

$x = (\text{Oxidation state of } Cr) + 3 \times (\text{Charge of oxalate ion})$

$x = (+3) + 3 \times (-2)$ [Charge of oxalate is $-2$]

$x = 3 - 6 = -3$

Thus, the complex anion is $[Cr(C_2O_4)_3]^{3-}$.

Step 3: Balancing Charges and Constructing the Formula

To form a neutral compound, the total positive charge from the potassium ions must balance the $-3$ charge of the complex anion. Since each potassium ion carries a charge of $+1$:

$(+1) \times (\text{number of } K^+) + (-3) = 0$

Number of $K^+$ = $3$

Combining the counter ion and the complex entity, we obtain $K_3[Cr(C_2O_4)_3]$.

Visual Representation of the Complex Ion

Cr ox ox ox ox Coordination Entity: [Cr(C₂O₄)₃]³⁻

Final Solution: $K_3[Cr(C_2O_4)_3]$


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