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Q5.7(viii):
Using IUPAC norms write the systematic names of the following: \([Co(en)_{3}]^{3+}\)

Solution :

Step 1: Identifying the Coordination Entity

The given coordination entity is $[Co(en)_{3}]^{3+}$. This is a complex cation where $Co$ is the central metal ion and $(en)$ (ethylenediamine, or ethane-1,2-diamine) is the ligand.

Step 2: Determining the Oxidation State of the Central Metal

To determine the oxidation state of the Cobalt ($Co$) atom, we apply the algebraic sum of the charges of the ligands and the central metal [Per the rules of coordination nomenclature]:

  • Let the oxidation state of $Co = x$.
  • The ligand is ethylenediamine ($en$), which is a neutral ligand with a charge of $0$.
  • The overall charge of the complex ion is $+3$.

Setting up the equation: $x + 3(0) = +3$

Solving for $x$: $x = +3$

Thus, the oxidation state of Cobalt is $III$. [Per IUPAC Convention for Oxidation States]

Step 3: Naming the Ligand

The ligand is $en$ (ethane-1,2-diamine). Since it is a symmetric bidentate ligand and its name already contains a numerical prefix ('di'), we use the prefix 'tris' instead of 'tri' when indicating the quantity of three ligands. [Per IUPAC rule: Use bis, tris, tetrakis for ligands with complex names or names already containing numerical prefixes].

Step 4: Assembling the IUPAC Name

The rules for ordering are:

  • Ligands are named alphabetically before the metal.
  • The oxidation state is written in Roman numerals within parentheses immediately following the metal name.
  • Since the coordination entity is a cation, the name of the metal is written as 'Cobalt' (not 'Cobaltate').
Structure: [Co(en)₃]³⁺ Co 3 × (H₂N-CH₂-CH₂-NH₂) Tris(ethane-1,2-diamine)cobalt(III) ion

Step 5: Final Verification

Component Assignment
Prefix for 3 ligands Tris
Ligand Name ethane-1,2-diamine
Central Metal Cobalt
Oxidation State (III)
Ion Designation ion

Final Solution: Tris(ethane-1,2-diamine)cobalt(III) ion


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