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Q8.3(iii):
Draw the structures of the following compounds. (iii) p-Methylbenzaldehyde

Solution :

Step 1: Structural Breakdown of Nomenclature

To construct the molecular structure of p-Methylbenzaldehyde, we decompose the IUPAC name into its constituent chemical components based on the rules of nomenclature [Per IUPAC Guidelines for Aromatic Substitution]:

  • Benzaldehyde Core: The parent structure is a benzene ring ($C_6H_6$) substituted with an aldehyde group ($-CHO$).
  • p- (Para) Position: The prefix "p-" indicates that the second substituent is located at the $4$-position relative to the primary functional group ($-CHO$) on the aromatic ring.
  • Methyl Group: The substituent "Methyl" refers to a $-CH_3$ group attached to the ring at the identified para position.

Step 2: Graphical Representation (SVG)

CHO CH₃

Step 3: Chemical Logic and Connectivity

The molecular formula of p-Methylbenzaldehyde is $C_8H_8O$. The connectivity is established as follows:

  1. The carbon atom of the benzene ring at position $1$ is bonded to the carbon of the formyl group ($C=O$ hydride).
  2. Positions $2$ and $6$ (ortho) and $3$ and $5$ (meta) are occupied by hydrogen atoms.
  3. Position $4$ (para), being directly opposite to the formyl group, is bonded to the methyl ($CH_3$) group.
Component Chemical Formula Position
Aromatic Ring $C_6H_4$ Core
Formyl group $-CHO$ $1$
Methyl group $-CH_3$ $4$

Final Solution: The structure of p-Methylbenzaldehyde consists of a benzene ring with a $-CHO$ group at position 1 and a $-CH_3$ group at position 4. It is also systematically known as 4-methylbenzaldehyde.


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