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Q6(ii):
Write the following cubes in expanded form: (ii) $(2a – 3b)^3$

Solution :

Given Expression & Theoretical Foundation

We are tasked with expanding the binomial cube: $(2a - 3b)^3$.

To expand a binomial raised to the third power, we utilize the standard algebraic identity for the cube of a difference. [Per the fundamental theorems of polynomial expansion], the identity is defined as:

$(x - y)^3 = x^3 - 3x^2y + 3xy^2 - y^3$

Alternatively, it can be factored as $(x - y)^3 = x^3 - y^3 - 3xy(x - y)$. For standard polynomial expansion, the fully distributed form is preferred.

2a - 3b 2a - 3b 2a - 3b Geometric Representation of a Cube Volume = (2a - 3b)³

Step 1: Identification and Mapping of Variables

By comparing our given expression $(2a - 3b)^3$ with the standard identity $(x - y)^3$, we map the variables as follows:

  • $x = 2a$
  • $y = 3b$

Step 2: Substitution into the Algebraic Identity

Substitute $x = 2a$ and $y = 3b$ into the expanded form of the identity:

$(2a - 3b)^3 = (2a)^3 - 3(2a)^2(3b) + 3(2a)(3b)^2 - (3b)^3$

Step 3: Expansion and Simplification of Individual Terms

We will now apply the laws of exponents [specifically $(uv)^n = u^n v^n$] to evaluate each term systematically:

  • First Term ($x^3$):
    $(2a)^3 = 2^3 \cdot a^3 = 8a^3$

  • Second Term ($-3x^2y$):
    $-3(2a)^2(3b) = -3(4a^2)(3b)$
    Multiply the numerical coefficients: $-3 \cdot 4 \cdot 3 = -36$
    Multiply the variables: $a^2 \cdot b = a^2b$
    Result: $-36a^2b$

  • Third Term ($+3xy^2$):
    $3(2a)(3b)^2 = 3(2a)(9b^2)$
    Multiply the numerical coefficients: $3 \cdot 2 \cdot 9 = 54$
    Multiply the variables: $a \cdot b^2 = ab^2$
    Result: $+54ab^2$

  • Fourth Term ($-y^3$):
    $-(3b)^3 = -(3^3 \cdot b^3) = -27b^3$

Step 4: Final Assembly of the Polynomial

Combine all the simplified terms from Step 3 in descending order of the degree of $a$:

$(2a - 3b)^3 = 8a^3 - 36a^2b + 54ab^2 - 27b^3$

Final Solution: The expanded form of the cube $(2a - 3b)^3$ is $8a^3 - 36a^2b + 54ab^2 - 27b^3$.


More Questions from Class 9 Mathematics Polynomials EXERCISE 2.4


CBSE Solutions for Class 9 Mathematics Polynomials


Chapters in CBSE - Class 9 Mathematics


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