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Q15(i):
Give possible expressions for the length and breadth of each of the following rectangles, in which their areas are given:
(i) Area : $25a^2 – 35a + 12$
Solution :
Initial Setup & Theoretical Foundation
The area of a rectangle is geometrically defined as the product of its two adjacent spatial dimensions: length ($l$) and breadth ($b$). This relationship is expressed by the formula:
$\text{Area} = l \times b$
We are given the area of the rectangle in the form of a quadratic polynomial in terms of the variable $a$:
$\text{Area} = 25a^2 - 35a + 12$
[Per the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra and polynomial factorization principles], to find the possible expressions for the length and breadth, we must factorize this quadratic polynomial into the product of two linear binomials. These two resulting factors will represent the possible dimensions of the rectangle.
Step 1: Identifying the Factorization Method
We will factorize the quadratic polynomial $P(a) = 25a^2 - 35a + 12$ using the method of splitting the middle term. We compare the given polynomial to the standard quadratic form $Ax^2 + Bx + C$ to identify the coefficients:
- $A = 25$ (Coefficient of $a^2$)
- $B = -35$ (Coefficient of $a$)
- $C = 12$ (Constant term)
Step 2: Splitting the Middle Term
To split the middle term, we must find two real numbers, let us call them $p$ and $q$, that satisfy two specific conditions simultaneously:
- Their product must equal $A \times C$:
$p \times q = 25 \times 12 = 300$ - Their sum must equal $B$:
$p + q = -35$
Because the product ($300$) is positive and the sum ($-35$) is negative, [by the rules of integer arithmetic], both numbers $p$ and $q$ must be negative.
Let us evaluate the factor pairs of $300$ to find the correct combination:
| Factor Pair ($p, q$) | Product ($p \times q$) | Sum ($p + q$) |
|---|---|---|
| $-10, -30$ | $300$ | $-40$ |
| $-12, -25$ | $300$ | $-37$ |
| $-15, -20$ | $300$ | $-35$ |
The numbers $-15$ and $-20$ satisfy both conditions perfectly. Therefore, we will split the middle term $-35a$ into $-20a$ and $-15a$.
Step 3: Factorization by Grouping
We substitute the split terms back into the original polynomial:
$P(a) = 25a^2 - 20a - 15a + 12$
Next, we group the terms into pairs to extract the greatest common monomial from each group:
$P(a) = (25a^2 - 20a) - (15a - 12)$
Factor out the greatest common divisor (GCD) from the first group ($5a$) and the second group ($3$):
$P(a) = 5a(5a - 4) - 3(5a - 4)$
Notice that the binomial $(5a - 4)$ is now a common factor in both terms. We factor out $(5a - 4)$ [by the Distributive Property of Multiplication over Addition]:
$P(a) = (5a - 4)(5a - 3)$
Geometric Visualization
The factorization proves that a rectangle with an area of $25a^2 - 35a + 12$ can be constructed with sides measuring $(5a - 4)$ and $(5a - 3)$. Below is the geometric representation of this relationship.
Final Conclusion
Because multiplication is commutative ($l \times b = b \times l$), either of the two binomial factors can represent the length, and the remaining factor will represent the breadth.
Final Solution: The possible expressions for the length and breadth of the rectangle are $(5a - 3)$ and $(5a - 4)$.
More Questions from Class 9 Mathematics Polynomials EXERCISE 2.4
- Q1(i): Use suitable identities to find the following products: (i) $(x + 4) (x + 10)$
- Q1(ii): Use suitable identities to find the following products: (ii) $(x + 8) (x – 10)$
- Q1(iii): Use suitable identities to find the following products: (iii) $(3x + 4) (3x – 5)$
- Q1(iv): Use suitable identities to find the following products: (iv) $(y^2 + \frac{3}{2}) (y^2 – \frac{3}{2})$
- Q1(v): Use suitable identities to find the following products: (v) $(3 – 2x) (3 + 2x)$
- Q2(i): Evaluate the following products without multiplying directly: (i) $103 \times 107$
- Q2(ii): Evaluate the following products without multiplying directly: (ii) $95 \times 96$
- Q2(iii): Evaluate the following products without multiplying directly: (iii) $104 \times 96$
- Q3(i): Factorise the following using appropriate identities: (i) $9x^2 + 6xy + y^2$
- Q3(ii): Factorise the following using appropriate identities: (ii) $4y^2 – 4y + 1$
- Q3(iii): Factorise the following using appropriate identities: (iii) $x^2 – \frac{y^2}{100}$
- Q4(i): Expand each of the following, using suitable identities: (i) $(x + 2y + 4z)^2$
- Q4(ii): Expand each of the following, using suitable identities: (ii) $(2x – y + z)^2$
- Q4(iii): Expand each of the following, using suitable identities: (iii) $(–2x + 3y + 2z)^2$
- Q4(iv): Expand each of the following, using suitable identities: (iv) $(3a – 7b – c)^2$
- Q4(v): Expand each of the following, using suitable identities: (v) $(–2x + 5y – 3z)^2$
- Q4(vi): Expand each of the following, using suitable identities: (vi) $(\frac{1}{4}a - \frac{1}{2}b + 1)^2$
- Q5(i): Factorise: (i) $4x^2 + 9y^2 + 16z^2 + 12xy – 24yz – 16xz$
- Q5(ii): Factorise: (ii) $2x^2 + y^2 + 8z^2 – 2\sqrt{2}xy + 4\sqrt{2}yz – 8xz$
- Q6(i): Write the following cubes in expanded form: (i) $(2x + 1)^3$
- Q6(ii): Write the following cubes in expanded form: (ii) $(2a – 3b)^3$
- Q6(iii): Write the following cubes in expanded form: (iii) $(\frac{3}{2}x + 1)^3$
- Q6(iv): Write the following cubes in expanded form: (iv) $(x - \frac{2}{3}y)^3$
- Q7(i): Evaluate the following using suitable identities: (i) $(99)^3$
- Q7(ii): Evaluate the following using suitable identities: (ii) $(102)^3$
- Q7(iii): Evaluate the following using suitable identities: (iii) $(998)^3$
- Q8(i): Factorise each of the following: (i) $8a^3 + b^3 + 12a^2b + 6ab^2$
- Q8(ii): Factorise each of the following: (ii) $8a^3 – b^3 – 12a^2b + 6ab^2$
- Q8(iii): Factorise each of the following: (iii) $27 – 125a^3 – 135a + 225a^2$
- Q8(iv): Factorise each of the following: (iv) $64a^3 – 27b^3 – 144a^2b + 108ab^2$
- Q8(v): Factorise each of the following: (v) $27p^3 – \frac{1}{216} – \frac{9}{2}p^2 + \frac{1}{4}p$
- Q9(i): Verify : (i) $x^3 + y^3 = (x + y) (x^2 – xy + y^2)$
- Q9(ii): Verify : (ii) $x^3 – y^3 = (x – y) (x^2 + xy + y^2)$
- Q10(i): Factorise each of the following: (i) $27y^3 + 125z^3$ [Hint : See Question 9.]
- Q10(ii): Factorise each of the following: (ii) $64m^3 – 343n^3$ [Hint : See Question 9.]
- Q11: Factorise : $27x^3 + y^3 + z^3 – 9xyz$
- Q12: Verify that $x^3 + y^3 + z^3 – 3xyz = \frac{1}{2}(x + y + z)[(x – y)^2 + (y – z)^2 + (z – x)^2]$
- Q13: If $x + y + z = 0$, show that $x^3 + y^3 + z^3 = 3xyz$.
- Q14(i): Without actually calculating the cubes, find the value of each of the following: (i) $(–12)^3 + (7)^3 + (5)^3$
- Q14(ii): Without actually calculating the cubes, find the value of each of the following: (ii) $(28)^3 + (–15)^3 + (–13)^3$
- Q15(ii): Give possible expressions for the length and breadth of each of the following rectangles, in which their areas are given: (ii) Area : $35y^2 + 13y –12$
- Q16(i): What are the possible expressions for the dimensions of the cuboids whose volumes are given below? (i) Volume : $3x^2 – 12x$
- Q16(ii): What are the possible expressions for the dimensions of the cuboids whose volumes are given below? (ii) Volume : $12ky^2 + 8ky – 20k$
CBSE Solutions for Class 9 Mathematics Polynomials
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