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Q1(iii):
Use suitable identities to find the following products: (iii) $(3x + 4) (3x – 5)$

Solution :

Initial Setup & Given Expression

We are tasked with finding the product of the following binomials using a suitable algebraic identity:

$(3x + 4)(3x - 5)$

Step 1: Identifying the Suitable Algebraic Identity

Observing the given expression, both binomials share the exact same first term ($3x$) but possess different second terms ($+4$ and $-5$). Therefore, the most appropriate standard algebraic identity to apply is:

$(X + a)(X + b) = X^2 + (a + b)X + ab$

[Per the fundamental algebraic identity for the product of two binomials with a common term, derived from the distributive property of multiplication over addition].

Step 2: Variable Mapping

By comparing our given expression $(3x + 4)(3x - 5)$ with the standard identity $(X + a)(X + b)$, we can establish the following precise variable mappings:

  • $X = 3x$
  • $a = 4$
  • $b = -5$

Step 3: Substitution and Expansion

Substituting these mapped values into the right-hand side of the identity yields:

$(3x + 4)(3x - 5) = (3x)^2 + (4 + (-5))(3x) + (4)(-5)$

Step 4: Simplification of Terms

We now simplify each term systematically to construct the final polynomial:

  • Quadratic Term: $(3x)^2 = 3^2 \cdot x^2 = 9x^2$
    [Applying the power of a product rule: $(xy)^n = x^n y^n$]
  • Linear Term: $(4 - 5)(3x) = (-1)(3x) = -3x$
    [Combining constant coefficients algebraically and multiplying by the common variable term]
  • Constant Term: $(4)(-5) = -20$
    [The product of a positive integer and a negative integer is negative]

Combining these simplified terms yields the final quadratic polynomial:

$9x^2 - 3x - 20$

Visual Representation: The Tabular Method (Area Model)

The following grid visually demonstrates the distributive property (often referred to as the FOIL method), confirming our algebraic expansion by calculating the partial products of each individual term.

3x +4 3x -5 9x² +12x -15x -20

Summing the partial products from the interior of the grid gives:

$9x^2 + 12x - 15x - 20$

Combining the like linear terms ($+12x$ and $-15x$) results in $-3x$, which perfectly matches our identity-based calculation: $9x^2 - 3x - 20$. [This verifies our result via the distributive property of multiplication over addition].

Final Solution: The product of $(3x + 4)(3x - 5)$ is $9x^2 - 3x - 20$.


More Questions from Class 9 Mathematics Polynomials EXERCISE 2.4


CBSE Solutions for Class 9 Mathematics Polynomials


Chapters in CBSE - Class 9 Mathematics


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