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Q2(iii):
Evaluate the following products without multiplying directly: (iii) $104 \times 96$

Solution :

Step 1: Algebraic Formulation and Base Selection

To evaluate the product $104 \times 96$ without performing direct arithmetic multiplication, we must express both factors in terms of a common, easily computable base. Observing the numerical values, both $104$ and $96$ are symmetrically distributed around the base value of $100$.

  • The first factor can be written as an addition to the base: $104 = 100 + 4$
  • The second factor can be written as a subtraction from the base: $96 = 100 - 4$

Substituting these expressions back into the original product, we obtain:

$104 \times 96 = (100 + 4)(100 - 4)$

Step 2: Application of the Difference of Squares Identity

The formulated expression $(100 + 4)(100 - 4)$ perfectly matches the structure of a fundamental polynomial identity [Per the algebraic identity for the product of the sum and difference of two terms].

The standard identity is defined as:

$(a + b)(a - b) = a^2 - b^2$

By mapping our specific variables to the identity, we establish:

  • $a = 100$
  • $b = 4$

Applying the identity to our expression yields:

$(100 + 4)(100 - 4) = (100)^2 - (4)^2$

Step 3: Geometric Visualization of the Identity

The algebraic identity $(a+b)(a-b) = a^2 - b^2$ can be rigorously proven through geometric area conservation. The area of a rectangle with dimensions $(a+b)$ and $(a-b)$ is mathematically equivalent to the area of a large square of side $a$ minus the area of a smaller square of side $b$.

a = 100 a = 100 b=4 b=4 Area = a² - b² Rearrange a - b = 96 a + b = 104 Area = (a-b)(a+b) 100² - 4² = 96 × 104

Step 4: Computation of Squares and Final Evaluation

We now compute the numerical values of the squared terms derived in Step 2:

  • Square of the base term: $(100)^2 = 100 \times 100 = 10000$
  • Square of the deviation term: $(4)^2 = 4 \times 4 = 16$

Substitute these calculated values back into the difference equation:

$10000 - 16$

Performing the final subtraction operation:

$10000 - 16 = 9984$

Final Solution: 9984


More Questions from Class 9 Mathematics Polynomials EXERCISE 2.4


CBSE Solutions for Class 9 Mathematics Polynomials


Chapters in CBSE - Class 9 Mathematics


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