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Q6.19(vii):
How the following conversions can be carried out?
(vii) Ethanol to propanenitrile
Solution :
Step 1: Chemical Transformation Strategy
To convert Ethanol ($CH_3CH_2OH$) to Propanenitrile ($CH_3CH_2CN$), we must increase the carbon chain length by one atom and introduce a nitrile (cyano) functional group. The conversion is performed in two primary stages:
- Activation of the Hydroxyl Group: Conversion of the alcohol into a suitable leaving group (a haloalkane).
- Nucleophilic Substitution: Reaction of the haloalkane with a cyanide ion ($CN^-$) to facilitate carbon-carbon bond formation.
Step 2: Step-by-Step Reaction Mechanism
Part A: Conversion of Ethanol to Chloroethane
Ethanol is reacted with Thionyl chloride ($SOCl_2$) in the presence of pyridine. Thionyl chloride is preferred as the by-products ($SO_2$ and $HCl$) are gases, leaving the pure alkyl halide.
$CH_3CH_2OH + SOCl_2 \xrightarrow{Pyridine} CH_3CH_2Cl + SO_2\uparrow + HCl\uparrow$
[Justification: Nucleophilic substitution of the hydroxyl group by the chloride ion via the $S_N2$ mechanism involving a chlorosulphite intermediate.]
Part B: Conversion of Chloroethane to Propanenitrile
The resulting Chloroethane is reacted with Potassium Cyanide ($KCN$) in an aqueous-ethanolic solution. The cyanide ion acts as an ambident nucleophile, attacking the electrophilic carbon of the ethyl chloride.
$CH_3CH_2Cl + KCN_{(alc)} \rightarrow CH_3CH_2CN + KCl$
[Justification: This is a bimolecular nucleophilic substitution ($S_N2$) reaction. The $CN^-$ ion attacks the carbon attached to the chlorine atom from the backside, leading to the inversion of configuration and the formation of a new $C-C$ bond.]
Reaction Pathway Summary
Analytical Summary Table
| Reagent | Intermediate/Product | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|
| $SOCl_2$ | $CH_3CH_2Cl$ | $S_N2$ (Substitution) |
| $KCN(alc)$ | $CH_3CH_2CN$ | $S_N2$ (Nucleophilic displacement) |
Final Solution: The conversion of Ethanol to Propanenitrile is achieved by first converting ethanol to chloroethane using $SOCl_2$, followed by a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alcoholic $KCN$ to yield $CH_3CH_2CN$.
More Questions from Class 12 Chemistry Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Exercises
- Q6.1(i): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (i) \((CH_{3})_{2}CHCH(Cl)CH_{3}\)
- Q6.1(i): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (i) ( (CH_{3})_{2}CHCH(Cl)CH_{3} )
- Q6.1(ii): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (ii) \(CH_{3}CH_{2}CH(CH_{3})CH(C_{2}H_{5})Cl\)
- Q6.1(ii): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (ii) ( CH_{3}CH_{2}CH(CH_{3})CH(C_{2}H_{5})Cl )
- Q6.1(iii): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (iii) \(CH_{3}CH_{2}C(CH_{3})_{2}CH_{2}I\)
- Q6.1(iii): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (iii) ( CH_{3}CH_{2}C(CH_{3})_{2}CH_{2}I )
- Q6.1(iv): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (iv) \((CH_{3})_{3}CCH_{2}CH(Br)C_{6}H_{5}\)
- Q6.1(iv): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (iv) ( (CH_{3})_{3}CCH_{2}CH(Br)C_{6}H_{5} )
- Q6.1(ix): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (ix) \(CH_{3}CH=CHC(Br)(CH_{3})_{2}\)
- Q6.1(ix): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (ix) ( CH_{3}CH=CHC(Br)(CH_{3})_{2} )
- Q6.1(v): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (v) \(CH_{3}CH(CH_{3})CH(Br)CH_{3}\)
- Q6.1(v): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (v) ( CH_{3}CH(CH_{3})CH(Br)CH_{3} )
- Q6.1(vi): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (vi) \(CH_{3}C(C_{2}H_{5})_{2}CH_{2}Br\)
- Q6.1(vi): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (vi) ( CH_{3}C(C_{2}H_{5})_{2}CH_{2}Br )
- Q6.1(vii): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (vii) \(CH_{3}C(Cl)(C_{2}H_{5})CH_{2}CH_{3}\)
- Q6.1(vii): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (vii) ( CH_{3}C(Cl)(C_{2}H_{5})CH_{2}CH_{3} )
- Q6.1(viii): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (viii) \(CH_{3}CH=C(Cl)CH_{2}CH(CH_{3})_{2}\)
- Q6.1(viii): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (viii) ( CH_{3}CH=C(Cl)CH_{2}CH(CH_{3})_{2} )
- Q6.1(x): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (x) \(p-ClC_{6}H_{4}CH_{2}CH(CH_{3})_{2}\)
- Q6.1(x): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (x) ( p-ClC_{6}H_{4}CH_{2}CH(CH_{3})_{2} )
- Q6.1(xi): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (xi) \(m-ClCH_{2}C_{6}H_{4}CH_{2}C(CH_{3})_{3}\)
- Q6.1(xi): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (xi) ( m-ClCH_{2}C_{6}H_{4}CH_{2}C(CH_{3})_{3} )
- Q6.1(xii): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (xii) \(o-Br-C_{6}H_{4}CH(CH_{3})CH_{2}CH_{3}\)
- Q6.1(xii): Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (xii) ( o-Br-C_{6}H_{4}CH(CH_{3})CH_{2}CH_{3} )
- Q6.10(i): Predict all the alkenes that would be formed by dehydrohalogenation of the following halides with sodium ethoxide in ethanol and identify the major alkene: (i) 1-Bromo-1-methylcyclohexane
- Q6.10(i): Predict all the alkenes that would be formed by dehydrohalogenation of the following halides with sodium ethoxide in ethanol and identify the major alkene: (i) 1-Bromo-1-methylcyclohexane
- Q6.10(ii): Predict all the alkenes that would be formed by dehydrohalogenation of the following halides with sodium ethoxide in ethanol and identify the major alkene: (ii) 2-Chloro-2-methylbutane
- Q6.10(ii): Predict all the alkenes that would be formed by dehydrohalogenation of the following halides with sodium ethoxide in ethanol and identify the major alkene: (ii) 2-Chloro-2-methylbutane
- Q6.10(iii): Predict all the alkenes that would be formed by dehydrohalogenation of the following halides with sodium ethoxide in ethanol and identify the major alkene: (iii) 2,2,3-Trimethyl-3-bromopentane.
- Q6.10(iii): Predict all the alkenes that would be formed by dehydrohalogenation of the following halides with sodium ethoxide in ethanol and identify the major alkene: (iii) 2,2,3-Trimethyl-3-bromopentane.
- Q6.11(i): How will you bring about the following conversions? (i) Ethanol to but-1-yne
- Q6.11(i): How will you bring about the following conversions? (i) Ethanol to but-1-yne
- Q6.11(ii): How will you bring about the following conversions? (ii) Ethane to bromoethene
- Q6.11(ii): How will you bring about the following conversions? (ii) Ethane to bromoethene
- Q6.11(iii): How will you bring about the following conversions? (iii) Propene to 1-nitropropane
- Q6.11(iii): How will you bring about the following conversions? (iii) Propene to 1-nitropropane
- Q6.11(iv): How will you bring about the following conversions? (iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
- Q6.11(iv): How will you bring about the following conversions? (iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
- Q6.11(ix): How will you bring about the following conversions? (ix) 1-Chlorobutane to n-octane
- Q6.11(ix): How will you bring about the following conversions? (ix) 1-Chlorobutane to n-octane
- Q6.11(v): How will you bring about the following conversions? (v) Propene to propyne
- Q6.11(v): How will you bring about the following conversions? (v) Propene to propyne
- Q6.11(vi): How will you bring about the following conversions? (vi) Ethanol to ethyl fluoride
- Q6.11(vi): How will you bring about the following conversions? (vi) Ethanol to ethyl fluoride
- Q6.11(vii): How will you bring about the following conversions? (vii) Bromomethane to propanone
- Q6.11(vii): How will you bring about the following conversions? (vii) Bromomethane to propanone
- Q6.11(viii): How will you bring about the following conversions? (viii) But-1-ene to but-2-ene
- Q6.11(viii): How will you bring about the following conversions? (viii) But-1-ene to but-2-ene
- Q6.11(x): How will you bring about the following conversions? (x) Benzene to biphenyl.
- Q6.11(x): How will you bring about the following conversions? (x) Benzene to biphenyl.
- Q6.12(i): Explain why (i) the dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride?
- Q6.12(i): Explain why (i) the dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride?
- Q6.12(ii): Explain why (ii) alkyl halides, though polar, are immiscible with water?
- Q6.12(ii): Explain why (ii) alkyl halides, though polar, are immiscible with water?
- Q6.12(iii): Explain why (iii) Grignard reagents should be prepared under anhydrous conditions?
- Q6.12(iii): Explain why (iii) Grignard reagents should be prepared under anhydrous conditions?
- Q6.13: Give the uses of freon 12, DDT, carbon tetrachloride and iodoform.
- Q6.13: Give the uses of freon 12, DDT, carbon tetrachloride and iodoform.
- Q6.14(i): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(i): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(ii): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(ii): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(iii): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(iii): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(iv): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(iv): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(v): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(v): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(vi): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(vi): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(vii): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(vii): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(viii): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.14(viii): Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
- Q6.15: Write the mechanism of the following reaction:
- Q6.15: Write the mechanism of the following reaction:
- Q6.16(i): Arrange the compounds of each set in order of reactivity towards \(S_{N}2\) displacement: (i) 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromopentane, 2-Bromopentane
- Q6.16(i): Arrange the compounds of each set in order of reactivity towards ( S_{N}2 ) displacement: (i) 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromopentane, 2-Bromopentane
- Q6.16(ii): Arrange the compounds of each set in order of reactivity towards \(S_{N}2\) displacement: (ii) 1-Bromo-3-methylbutane, 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 2-Bromo-3-methylbutane
- Q6.16(ii): Arrange the compounds of each set in order of reactivity towards ( S_{N}2 ) displacement: (ii) 1-Bromo-3-methylbutane, 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 2-Bromo-3-methylbutane
- Q6.16(iii): Arrange the compounds of each set in order of reactivity towards \(S_{N}2\) displacement: (iii) 1-Bromobutane, 1-Bromo-2,2-dimethylpropane, 1-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromo-3-methylbutane.
- Q6.16(iii): Arrange the compounds of each set in order of reactivity towards ( S_{N}2 ) displacement: (iii) 1-Bromobutane, 1-Bromo-2,2-dimethylpropane, 1-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromo-3-methylbutane.
- Q6.17: Out of \(C_{6}H_{5}CH_{2}Cl\) and \(C_{6}H_{5}CHClC_{6}H_{5}\), which is more easily hydrolysed by aqueous KOH.
- Q6.17: Out of ( C_{6}H_{5}CH_{2}Cl ) and ( C_{6}H_{5}CHClC_{6}H_{5} ), which is more easily hydrolysed by aqueous ( KOH ).
- Q6.18: p-Dichlorobenzene has higher m.p. than those of o- and m-isomers. Discuss.
- Q6.18: p-Dichlorobenzene has higher m.p. than those of o- and m-isomers. Discuss.
- Q6.19(i): How the following conversions can be carried out? (i) Propene to propan-1-ol
- Q6.19(i): How the following conversions can be carried out? (i) Propene to propan-1-ol
- Q6.19(ii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (ii) Ethanol to but-1-yne
- Q6.19(ii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (ii) Ethanol to but-1-yne
- Q6.19(iii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (iii) 1-Bromopropane to 2-bromopropane
- Q6.19(iii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (iii) 1-Bromopropane to 2-bromopropane
- Q6.19(iv): How the following conversions can be carried out? (iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
- Q6.19(iv): How the following conversions can be carried out? (iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
- Q6.19(ix): How the following conversions can be carried out? (ix) 2-Chlorobutane to 3, 4-dimethylhexane
- Q6.19(ix): How the following conversions can be carried out? (ix) 2-Chlorobutane to 3, 4-dimethylhexane
- Q6.19(v): How the following conversions can be carried out? (v) Benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene
- Q6.19(v): How the following conversions can be carried out? (v) Benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene
- Q6.19(vi): How the following conversions can be carried out? (vi) Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid
- Q6.19(vi): How the following conversions can be carried out? (vi) Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid
- Q6.19(vii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (vii) Ethanol to propanenitrile
- Q6.19(viii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (viii) Aniline to chlorobenzene
- Q6.19(viii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (viii) Aniline to chlorobenzene
- Q6.19(x): How the following conversions can be carried out? (x) 2-Methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methylpropane
- Q6.19(x): How the following conversions can be carried out? (x) 2-Methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methylpropane
- Q6.19(xi): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xi) Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid
- Q6.19(xi): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xi) Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid
- Q6.19(xii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xii) But-1-ene to n-butyliodide
- Q6.19(xii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xii) But-1-ene to n-butyliodide
- Q6.19(xiii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xiii) 2-Chloropropane to 1-propanol
- Q6.19(xiii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xiii) 2-Chloropropane to 1-propanol
- Q6.19(xiv): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xiv) Isopropyl alcohol to iodoform
- Q6.19(xiv): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xiv) Isopropyl alcohol to iodoform
- Q6.19(xix): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xix) tert-Butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide
- Q6.19(xix): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xix) tert-Butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide
- Q6.19(xv): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xv) Chlorobenzene to p-nitrophenol
- Q6.19(xv): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xv) Chlorobenzene to p-nitrophenol
- Q6.19(xvi): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xvi) 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane
- Q6.19(xvi): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xvi) 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane
- Q6.19(xvii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xvii) Chloroethane to butane
- Q6.19(xvii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xvii) Chloroethane to butane
- Q6.19(xviii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xviii) Benzene to diphenyl
- Q6.19(xviii): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xviii) Benzene to diphenyl
- Q6.19(xx): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xx) Aniline to phenylisocyanide
- Q6.19(xx): How the following conversions can be carried out? (xx) Aniline to phenylisocyanide
- Q6.2(i): Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (i) \(CH_{3}CH(Cl)CH(Br)CH_{3}\)
- Q6.2(i): Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (i) ( CH_{3}CH(Cl)CH(Br)CH_{3} )
- Q6.2(ii): Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (ii) \(CHF_{2}CBrClF\)
- Q6.2(ii): Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (ii) ( CHF_{2}CBrClF )
- Q6.2(iii): Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (iii) \(ClCH_{2}C\equiv CCH_{2}Br\)
- Q6.2(iii): Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (iii) ( ClCH_{2}C \equiv CCH_{2}Br )
- Q6.2(iv): Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (iv) \((CCl_{3})_{3}CCl\)
- Q6.2(iv): Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (iv) ( (CCl_{3})_{3}CCl )
- Q6.2(v): Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (v) \(CH_{3}C(p-ClC_{6}H_{4})_{2}CH(Br)CH_{3}\)
- Q6.2(v): Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (v) ( CH_{3}C(p-ClC_{6}H_{4})_{2}CH(Br)CH_{3} )
- Q6.2(vi): Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (vi) \((CH_{3})_{3}CCH=CClC_{6}H_{4}I-p\)
- Q6.2(vi): Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (vi) ( (CH_{3})_{3}CCH=CClC_{6}H_{4}I-p )
- Q6.20: The treatment of alkyl chlorides with aqueous KOH leads to the formation of alcohols but in the presence of alcoholic KOH, alkenes are major products. Explain.
- Q6.20: The treatment of alkyl chlorides with aqueous ( KOH ) leads to the formation of alcohols but in the presence of alcoholic ( KOH ), alkenes are major products. Explain.
- Q6.21: Primary alkyl halide \(C_{4}H_{9}Br\) (a) reacted with alcoholic KOH to give compound (b). Compound (b) is reacted with HBr to give (c) which is an isomer of (a). When (a) is reacted with sodium metal it gives compound (d), \(C_{8}H_{18}\) which is different from the compound formed when n-butyl bromide is reacted with sodium. Give the structural formula of (a) and write the equations for all the reactions.
- Q6.21: Primary alkyl halide ( C_{4}H_{9}Br ) (( a )) reacted with alcoholic ( KOH ) to give compound (( b )). Compound (( b )) is reacted with ( HBr ) to give (( c )) which is an isomer of (( a )). When (( a )) is reacted with sodium metal it gives compound (( d )), ( C_{8}H_{18} ) which is different from the compound formed when n-butyl bromide is reacted with sodium. Give the structural formula of (( a )) and write the equations for all the reactions.
- Q6.22(i): What happens when (i) n-butyl chloride is treated with alcoholic KOH,
- Q6.22(i): What happens when (i) n-butyl chloride is treated with alcoholic ( KOH ),
- Q6.22(ii): What happens when (ii) bromobenzene is treated with Mg in the presence of dry ether,
- Q6.22(ii): What happens when (ii) bromobenzene is treated with ( Mg ) in the presence of dry ether,
- Q6.22(iii): What happens when (iii) chlorobenzene is subjected to hydrolysis,
- Q6.22(iii): What happens when (iii) chlorobenzene is subjected to hydrolysis,
- Q6.22(iv): What happens when (iv) ethyl chloride is treated with aqueous KOH,
- Q6.22(iv): What happens when (iv) ethyl chloride is treated with aqueous ( KOH ),
- Q6.22(v): What happens when (v) methyl bromide is treated with sodium in the presence of dry ether,
- Q6.22(v): What happens when (v) methyl bromide is treated with sodium in the presence of dry ether,
- Q6.22(vi): What happens when (vi) methyl chloride is treated with KCN?
- Q6.22(vi): What happens when (vi) methyl chloride is treated with ( KCN )?
- Q6.3(i): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (i) 2-Chloro-3-methylpentane
- Q6.3(i): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (i) 2-Chloro-3-methylpentane
- Q6.3(ii): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (ii) p-Bromochlorobenzene
- Q6.3(ii): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (ii) p-Bromochlorobenzene
- Q6.3(iii): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (iii) 1-Chloro-4-ethylcyclohexane
- Q6.3(iii): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (iii) 1-Chloro-4-ethylcyclohexane
- Q6.3(iv): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (iv) 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-1-iodooctane
- Q6.3(iv): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (iv) 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-1-iodooctane
- Q6.3(v): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (v) 2-Bromobutane
- Q6.3(v): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (v) 2-Bromobutane
- Q6.3(vi): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (vi) 4-tert-Butyl-3-iodoheptane
- Q6.3(vi): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (vi) 4-tert-Butyl-3-iodoheptane
- Q6.3(vii): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (vii) 1-Bromo-4-sec-butyl-2-methylbenzene
- Q6.3(vii): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (vii) 1-Bromo-4-sec-butyl-2-methylbenzene
- Q6.3(viii): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (viii) 1,4-Dibromobut-2-ene
- Q6.3(viii): Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds. (viii) 1,4-Dibromobut-2-ene
- Q6.4: Which one of the following has the highest dipole moment?
- Q6.4: Which one of the following has the highest dipole moment?
- Q6.5: A hydrocarbon \(C_{5}H_{10}\) does not react with chlorine in dark but gives a single monochloro compound \(C_{5}H_{9}Cl\) in bright sunlight. Identify the hydrocarbon.
- Q6.5: A hydrocarbon ( C_{5}H_{10} ) does not react with chlorine in dark but gives a single monochloro compound ( C_{5}H_{9}Cl ) in bright sunlight. Identify the hydrocarbon.
- Q6.6: Write the isomers of the compound having formula \(C_{4}H_{9}Br\).
- Q6.6: Write the isomers of the compound having formula ( C_{4}H_{9}Br ).
- Q6.7(i): Write the equations for the preparation of 1-iodobutane from (i) 1-butanol
- Q6.7(i): Write the equations for the preparation of 1-iodobutane from (i) 1-butanol
- Q6.7(ii): Write the equations for the preparation of 1-iodobutane from (ii) 1-chlorobutane
- Q6.7(ii): Write the equations for the preparation of 1-iodobutane from (ii) 1-chlorobutane
- Q6.7(iii): Write the equations for the preparation of 1-iodobutane from (iii) but-1-ene.
- Q6.7(iii): Write the equations for the preparation of 1-iodobutane from (iii) but-1-ene.
- Q6.8: What are ambident nucleophiles? Explain with an example.
- Q6.8: What are ambident nucleophiles? Explain with an example.
- Q6.9(i): Which compound in each of the following pairs will react faster in \(S_{N}2\) reaction with \(^{-}OH\)? (i) \(CH_{3}Br\) or \(CH_{3}I\)
- Q6.9(i): Which compound in each of the following pairs will react faster in ( S_{N}2 ) reaction with ( -OH )? (i) ( CH_{3}Br ) or ( CH_{3}I )
- Q6.9(ii): Which compound in each of the following pairs will react faster in \(S_{N}2\) reaction with \(^{-}OH\)? (ii) \((CH_{3})_{3}CCl\) or \(CH_{3}Cl\)
- Q6.9(ii): Which compound in each of the following pairs will react faster in ( S_{N}2 ) reaction with ( -OH )? (ii) ( (CH_{3})_{3}CCl ) or ( CH_{3}Cl )
CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Chapters in CBSE - Class 12 Chemistry
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