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Q10:
Define RQ. What is its value for fats?
Solution :
1. Definition of Respiratory Quotient (RQ)
The Respiratory Quotient (RQ), also known as the Respiratory Ratio, is a dimensionless unit used in respiratory physiology to calculate which fuel (carbohydrate, fat, or protein) is being metabolized by an organism. It is defined as the ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) evolved to the volume of oxygen ($O_2$) consumed during the process of aerobic respiration.
The mathematical representation is given by the formula:
$RQ = \frac{\text{Volume of } CO_2 \text{ evolved}}{\text{Volume of } O_2 \text{ consumed}}$
2. Respiratory Quotient for Fats
When fats (lipids) serve as the respiratory substrate, they must first be converted into smaller molecules before entering the Krebs cycle. Because fats are more reduced than carbohydrates, they require significantly more oxygen for complete oxidation [Per the stoichiometry of fatty acid oxidation].
3. Derivation and Calculation
Consider the complete oxidation of Tripalmitin, a common fatty acid (fat), as a representative reaction:
$2(C_{51}H_{98}O_6) + 145 O_2 \rightarrow 102 CO_2 + 98 H_2O + \text{Energy}$
Applying the RQ formula to this reaction:
$RQ = \frac{102 \text{ molecules of } CO_2}{145 \text{ molecules of } O_2}$
$RQ \approx 0.7$
4. Visualization of Metabolic Gas Exchange
5. Analytical Conclusion
The value of the Respiratory Quotient is generally less than unity ($RQ < 1.0$) for fats. This signifies that the organism is consuming a greater volume of oxygen than the volume of carbon dioxide it is releasing, a direct consequence of the higher hydrogen-to-carbon ratio in lipid molecules compared to glucose [Based on biochemical energy density and oxidation stoichiometry].
Final Solution: The Respiratory Quotient (RQ) for fats is approximately 0.7.
More Questions from Class 11 Biology Respiration in Plants EXERCISES
- Q1(a): Differentiate between (a) Respiration and Combustion
- Q1(b): Differentiate between (b) Glycolysis and Krebs’ cycle
- Q1(c): Differentiate between (c) Aerobic respiration and Fermentation
- Q2: What are respiratory substrates? Name the most common respiratory substrate.
- Q3: Give the schematic representation of glycolysis?
- Q4: What are the main steps in aerobic respiration? Where does it take place?
- Q5: Give the schematic representation of an overall view of Krebs’ cycle.
- Q6: Explain ETS.
- Q7(a): Distinguish between the following: (a) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration
- Q7(b): Distinguish between the following: (b) Glycolysis and Fermentation
- Q7(c): Distinguish between the following: (c) Glycolysis and Citric acid Cycle
- Q8: What are the assumptions made during the calculation of net gain of ATP?
- Q9: Discuss “The respiratory pathway is an amphibolic pathway.”
- Q11: What is oxidative phosphorylation?
- Q12: What is the significance of step-wise release of energy in respiration?
CBSE Solutions for Class 11 Biology Respiration in Plants
Chapters in CBSE - Class 11 Biology
- The Living World
- Biological Classification
- Plant Kingdom
- Animal Kingdom
- Morphology of Flowering Plants
- Anatomy of Flowering Plants
- Structural Organisation in Animals
- Cell – The Unit of Life
- Biomolecules
- Cell Cycle and Division
- Transport in Plants
- Mineral Nutrition
- Photosynthesis
- Plant Growth and Development
- Digestion and Absorption
- Breathing and Exchange of Gases
- Body Fluids and Circulation
- Excretory Products and Elimination
- Locomotion and Movement
- Neural Control and Coordination
- Chemical Coordination and Integration
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