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Q11(b):
Name the following:
(b) Cortical portions projecting between the medullary pyramids in the human kidney
Solution :
Anatomical Identification
The structure described—the cortical tissue extending into the medulla of the human kidney between adjacent renal pyramids—is known as the Columns of Bertin (or Renal Columns).
Step 1: Structural Context of the Human Kidney
The human kidney is organized into two primary zones based on histological appearance: the outer Renal Cortex and the inner Renal Medulla.
- The medulla is partitioned into multiple conical masses known as Medullary Pyramids [Anatomical basis: These house the loops of Henle and collecting ducts].
- The cortex, which usually forms a superficial shell, extends downward between these pyramids to provide structural support and house interlobar blood vessels [Per renal vascular architecture].
Step 2: Visual Representation of Renal Architecture
Step 3: Functional Justification
The Columns of Bertin serve two critical functions within the excretory system:
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| Vascular Support | They serve as the conduits for the interlobar arteries and interlobar veins as they traverse between the renal lobes [Based on Renal Circulatory Physiology]. |
| Structural Integrity | They anchor the cortical tissue to the renal capsule, maintaining the spatial orientation of the nephrons [Per architectural anatomy of the parenchyma]. |
Final Solution: The cortical portions projecting between the medullary pyramids are called the Renal Columns (or Columns of Bertin).
More Questions from Class 11 Biology Excretory Products and Elimination EXERCISES
- Q1: Define Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
- Q2: Explain the autoregulatory mechanism of GFR.
- Q3(a): Indicate whether the following statements are true or false : (a) Micturition is carried out by a reflex.
- Q3(b): Indicate whether the following statements are true or false : (b) ADH helps in water elimination, making the urine hypotonic.
- Q3(c): Indicate whether the following statements are true or false : (c) Protein-free fluid is filtered from blood plasma into the Bowman’s capsule.
- Q3(d): Indicate whether the following statements are true or false : (d) Henle’s loop plays an important role in concentrating the urine.
- Q3(e): Indicate whether the following statements are true or false : (e) Glucose is actively reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule.
- Q4: Give a brief account of the counter current mechanism.
- Q5: Describe the role of liver, lungs and skin in excretion.
- Q6: Explain micturition.
- Q7: Match the items of column I with those of column II : Column I Column II (a) Ammonotelism (i) Birds (b) Bowman’s capsule (ii) Water reabsorption (c) Micturition (iii) Bony fish (d) Uricotelism (iv) Urinary bladder (e) ADH (v) Renal tubule
- Q8: What is meant by the term osmoregulation?
- Q9: Terrestrial animals are generally either ureotelic or uricotelic, not ammonotelic, why ?
- Q10: What is the significance of juxta glomerular apparatus (JGA) in kidney function?
- Q11(a): Name the following: (a) A chordate animal having flame cells as excretory structures
- Q11(c): Name the following: (c) A loop of capillary running parallel to the Henle’s loop.
- Q12(a): Fill in the gaps : (a) Ascending limb of Henle’s loop is _______ to water whereas the descending limb is _______ to it.
- Q12(b): Fill in the gaps : (b) Reabsorption of water from distal parts of the tubules is facilitated by hormone _______.
- Q12(c): Fill in the gaps : (c) Dialysis fluid contain all the constituents as in plasma except _______.
- Q12(d): Fill in the gaps : (d) A healthy adult human excretes (on an average) _______ gm of urea/day.
CBSE Solutions for Class 11 Biology Excretory Products and Elimination
Chapters in CBSE - Class 11 Biology
- The Living World
- Biological Classification
- Plant Kingdom
- Animal Kingdom
- Morphology of Flowering Plants
- Anatomy of Flowering Plants
- Structural Organisation in Animals
- Cell – The Unit of Life
- Biomolecules
- Cell Cycle and Division
- Transport in Plants
- Mineral Nutrition
- Photosynthesis
- Respiration in Plants
- Plant Growth and Development
- Digestion and Absorption
- Breathing and Exchange of Gases
- Body Fluids and Circulation
- Locomotion and Movement
- Neural Control and Coordination
- Chemical Coordination and Integration
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