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Q25:
Examine the continuity of $f$, where $f$ is defined by $f(x) = \begin{cases} \sin x - \cos x, & \text{if } x \neq 0 \\ -1, & \text{if } x = 0 \end{cases}$

Solution :

Step 1: Identifying the Condition for Continuity

A function $f(x)$ is continuous at a point $x = c$ if and only if:

$\lim_{x \to c^-} f(x) = \lim_{x \to c^+} f(x) = f(c)$

In this problem, we are examining the continuity of the function $f(x)$ at the point where the definition changes, which is $x = 0$.

Step 2: Evaluating the Function at the Point

From the piecewise definition, when $x = 0$:

$f(0) = -1$ [Per the given definition $f(x) = -1$ if $x = 0$]

Step 3: Calculating the Left-Hand and Right-Hand Limits

Since the definition $f(x) = \sin x - \cos x$ holds for all $x \neq 0$, both the left-hand limit (LHL) and the right-hand limit (RHL) are calculated using this expression.

Calculating LHL:

$\lim_{x \to 0^-} f(x) = \lim_{h \to 0} f(0 - h)$

$= \lim_{h \to 0} (\sin(0 - h) - \cos(0 - h))$

$= \lim_{h \to 0} (-\sin h - \cos h)$ [Since $\sin(-h) = -\sin h$ and $\cos(-h) = \cos h$]

$= -\sin(0) - \cos(0) = 0 - 1 = -1$

Calculating RHL:

$\lim_{x \to 0^+} f(x) = \lim_{h \to 0} f(0 + h)$

$= \lim_{h \to 0} (\sin(0 + h) - \cos(0 + h))$

$= \lim_{h \to 0} (\sin h - \cos h)$

$= \sin(0) - \cos(0) = 0 - 1 = -1$

Step 4: Comparison and Conclusion

Comparing the values obtained:

Component Value
$\lim_{x \to 0^-} f(x)$ $-1$
$\lim_{x \to 0^+} f(x)$ $-1$
$f(0)$ $-1$

Since $\lim_{x \to 0^-} f(x) = \lim_{x \to 0^+} f(x) = f(0) = -1$, the function satisfies the criteria for continuity at $x = 0$ [By the definition of continuity of a function at a point]. For all other $x \neq 0$, the function $f(x) = \sin x - \cos x$ is continuous as it is the difference of two continuous trigonometric functions.

(0, -1) x y

Final Solution: The function $f(x)$ is continuous for all $x \in \mathbb{R}$.


More Questions from Class 12 Mathematics Continuity and Differentiability EXERCISE 5.1


CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Mathematics Continuity and Differentiability


Chapters in CBSE - Class 12 Mathematics


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