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Q33:
Examine that $\sin|x|$ is a continuous function.

Solution :

Step 1: Decomposition into Composite Functions

To examine the continuity of the function $f(x) = \sin|x|$, we represent it as a composite function $f(x) = (g \circ h)(x)$, where:

  • $h(x) = |x|$
  • $g(x) = \sin(x)$

By the definition of composition, $(g \circ h)(x) = g(h(x)) = \sin(|x|)$. [Per the definition of composite functions].

Step 2: Analysis of Component Functions

We analyze the continuity of the individual components over the entire real domain, $\mathbb{R}$:

  • For $h(x) = |x|$: The absolute value function is known to be continuous for all $x \in \mathbb{R}$. Formally, $\lim_{x \to a} |x| = |a|$ for any $a \in \mathbb{R}$. [By the property of modulus functions].
  • For $g(x) = \sin(x)$: The sine function is a standard trigonometric function known to be continuous for all $x \in \mathbb{R}$. [By the fundamental properties of trigonometric functions].

Step 3: Application of the Composition Theorem

The Continuity Theorem states: If $h(x)$ is continuous at $x = a$ and $g(x)$ is continuous at $h(a)$, then the composite function $(g \circ h)(x)$ is continuous at $x = a$.

  1. Let $a$ be any real number.
  2. $h(x) = |x|$ is continuous at $x = a$.
  3. Let $b = h(a) = |a|$. Since $g(x) = \sin(x)$ is continuous for all real numbers, it is necessarily continuous at $b = |a|$.
  4. Since both conditions are satisfied for all $a \in \mathbb{R}$, $f(x) = g(h(x))$ is continuous on its entire domain. [By the Theorem of Continuity of Composite Functions].

Visual Representation

x y Graph of f(x) = sin|x|

Step 4: Algebraic Verification at Critical Point $x=0$

To ensure rigor, we verify the limit at $x=0$:

$\lim_{x \to 0^-} \sin|x| = \lim_{x \to 0^-} \sin(-x) = \sin(0) = 0$

$\lim_{x \to 0^+} \sin|x| = \lim_{x \to 0^+} \sin(x) = \sin(0) = 0$

$f(0) = \sin|0| = 0$

Since $\lim_{x \to 0^-} f(x) = \lim_{x \to 0^+} f(x) = f(0)$, the function is continuous at the origin. [By the definition of limit existence and continuity].

Final Solution: The function $f(x) = \sin|x|$ is continuous for all $x \in \mathbb{R}$ because it is the composition of two continuous functions, $\sin(x)$ and $|x|$, which are continuous over their entire domain.


More Questions from Class 12 Mathematics Continuity and Differentiability EXERCISE 5.1


CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Mathematics Continuity and Differentiability


Chapters in CBSE - Class 12 Mathematics


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