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Q9:
Which part of the plant is best suited for making virus-free plants and why?
Solution :
Identification of the Plant Part
The plant part best suited for the production of virus-free plants is the meristematic tissue, specifically the shoot apical meristem.
Biological Justification for Meristem Selection
- High Rate of Cell Division: Meristematic cells are characterized by continuous and rapid mitotic division [Per the concept of cellular differentiation].
- Viral Exclusion Mechanism: While the virus replicates throughout the infected plant, the rate of viral replication and systemic movement cannot keep pace with the extremely rapid rate of cell division occurring in the apical meristem. Consequently, the newly formed cells at the tip remain free of the viral particles.
- Vascular Connectivity: Viruses typically travel through the plant's vascular system, specifically the phloem (translocation of solutes). The meristematic zone lacks a well-developed vascular connection with the rest of the infected plant body, preventing the virus from entering the apical dome [Per the physiological principles of plant pathology].
Micropropagation Technique Overview
To produce virus-free plants, the apical meristem is excised and cultured in a controlled, sterile nutrient medium (In vitro conditions) [Referencing the technique of Meristem-Tip Culture].
Comparison of Tissue Susceptibility
| Plant Tissue | Viral Status | Reasoning |
|---|---|---|
| Mature Leaves | Highly Infected | Well-developed vascular system; accumulation of metabolites. |
| Axillary Buds | Often Infected | Connections to main stem permit viral entry. |
| Apical Meristem | Virus-Free | Rapid division exceeds viral replication; no vascular link. |
Final Solution: The shoot apical meristem is the best suited part because its rapid rate of mitotic cell division outpaces viral replication, and the absence of vascular continuity prevents viral translocation into the apex.
More Questions from Class 12 Biology Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production EXERCISES
- Q1: Explain in brief the role of animal husbandry in human welfare.
- Q2: If your family owned a dairy farm, what measures would you undertake to improve the quality and quantity of milk production?
- Q3: What is meant by the term ‘breed’? What are the objectives of animal breeding?
- Q4: Name the methods employed in animal breeding. According to you which of the methods is best? Why?
- Q5: What is apiculture? How is it important in our lives?
- Q6: Discuss the role of fishery in enhancement of food production.
- Q7: Briefly describe various steps involved in plant breeding.
- Q8: Explain what is meant by biofortification.
- Q10: What is the major advantage of producing plants by micropropagation?
- Q11: Find out what the various components of the medium used for propagation of an explant in vitro are?
- Q12: Name any five hybrid varieties of crop plants which have been developed in India.
CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Biology Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
- Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production Class 12 LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
- Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production Class 12 MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
- Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production Class 12 SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
- Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production Class 12 VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Chapters in CBSE - Class 12 Biology
- Reproduction in Organisms
- Human Reproduction
- Reproductive Health
- Principles of Inheritance and Variation
- Molecular Basis of Inheritance
- Evolution
- Human Health and Disease
- Microbes in Human Welfare
- Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
- Biotechnology and Its Applications
- Organisms and Populations
- Ecosystem
- Biodiversity and Conservation
- Environmental Issues
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