Find the best tutors and institutes for Class 11 Tuition
Q9(ii):
Differentiate between the following:- (ii) liverworts and moss
Solution :
Step 1: Taxonomic Classification and Morphological Framework
Liverworts (Class: Hepaticopsida) and Mosses (Class: Bryopsida) constitute the two primary divisions of the Phylum Bryophyta. While both exhibit a haploid gametophytic dominant life cycle, their morphological organization and anatomical complexity differ significantly.
Step 2: Analytical Comparison of Diagnostic Traits
The following table delineates the structural and developmental divergences between these groups [Per the morphological classification of Embryophyta]:
| Characteristic | Liverworts | Mosses |
|---|---|---|
| Gametophyte Body | Thalloid, prostrate, dorsiventral. | Erect, differentiated into axis (stem) and leaves. |
| Rhizoids | Unicellular and unbranched. | Multicellular and branched. |
| Protonema Stage | Absent (Direct germination of spore). | Present (Filamentous protonema stage exists). |
| Sporophyte Structure | Simple: Foot, Seta, Capsule (Short-lived). | Elaborate: Foot, Seta, Capsule (Complex, includes peristome teeth). |
| Asexual Reproduction | Common via gemmae (gemma cups). | Primary methods involve fragmentation and budding in protonema. |
Step 3: Developmental Justification
- Developmental Pathway: In mosses, the spore germinates to form a protonema, a juvenile filamentous stage, which later develops into the leafy gametophore [Refer to the Funaria life cycle model]. Liverworts typically lack this filamentous stage, growing directly from the spore into a thallus.
- Anatomical Complexity: The presence of multicellular rhizoids in mosses allows for better anchorage and capillary water conduction compared to the unicellular, primitive rhizoids of liverworts [Per the evolutionary trend towards terrestrial adaptation].
- Sporophyte Differentiation: Moss sporophytes are physiologically more integrated with the gametophyte, possessing specialized mechanisms like peristome teeth to facilitate regulated spore dispersal [By the principle of increased reproductive efficiency].
Final Solution: Liverworts are characterized by a primitive, thalloid gametophytic body with unicellular rhizoids and a lack of a protonemal stage, whereas mosses exhibit a more advanced, leafy gametophytic structure with multicellular rhizoids, a distinct protonema stage, and a highly differentiated sporophyte.
More Questions from Class 11 Biology Plant Kingdom EXERCISES
- Q1: What is the basis of classification of algae?
- Q2: When and where does reduction division take place in the life cycle of a liverwort, a moss, a fern, a gymnosperm and an angiosperm?
- Q3: Name three groups of plants that bear archegonia. Briefly describe the life cycle of any one of them.
- Q4: Mention the ploidy of the following: protonemal cell of a moss; primary endosperm nucleus in dicot, leaf cell of a moss; prothallus cell of a ferm; gemma cell in Marchantia; meristem cell of monocot, ovum of a liverwort, and zygote of a fern.
- Q5: Write a note on economic importance of algae and gymnosperms.
- Q6: Both gymnosperms and angiosperms bear seeds, then why are they classified separately?
- Q7: What is heterospory? Briefly comment on its significance. Give two examples.
- Q8(i): Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (i) protonema
- Q8(ii): Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (ii) antheridium
- Q8(iii): Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (iii) archegonium
- Q8(iv): Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (iv) diplontic
- Q8(v): Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (v) sporophyll
- Q8(vi): Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (vi) isogamy
- Q9(i): Differentiate between the following:- (i) red algae and brown algae
- Q9(iii): Differentiate between the following:- (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte
- Q10: Match the following (column I with column II) Column I Column II (a) Chlamydomonas (i) Moss (b) Cycas (ii) Pteridophyte (c) Selaginella (iii) Algae (d) Sphagnum (iv) Gymnosperm
- Q11: Describe the important characteristics of gymnosperms.
CBSE Solutions for Class 11 Biology Plant Kingdom
Chapters in CBSE - Class 11 Biology
- The Living World
- Biological Classification
- Animal Kingdom
- Morphology of Flowering Plants
- Anatomy of Flowering Plants
- Structural Organisation in Animals
- Cell – The Unit of Life
- Biomolecules
- Cell Cycle and Division
- Transport in Plants
- Mineral Nutrition
- Photosynthesis
- Respiration in Plants
- Plant Growth and Development
- Digestion and Absorption
- Breathing and Exchange of Gases
- Body Fluids and Circulation
- Excretory Products and Elimination
- Locomotion and Movement
- Neural Control and Coordination
- Chemical Coordination and Integration
Top Tutors who teach Plant Kingdom
Super Tutor
Patpar Ganj, Delhi
20 yrs of
Exp
10 students
971 hrs of classes completed
500
per hour
Online Classes
Student's Home
I am a teacher. I love teaching and want to share my knowledge with my students. I will take online classes. My approach combines clear concepts, regular practice, and student-friendly strategies to make learning effective and enjoyable.
My tutor is very thorough and took careful measures in helping me grasp a concept that I had forgotten." "he made me really think about how I would come up with the answer." "I liked how he is straight forward and to the point." "Great tutor that helped me so much!"
Top Tutor
Sector 19, Noida
3 yrs of
Exp
7 students
688 hrs of classes completed
Online Classes
• 3+ years of teaching experience. • teaching online tuitions of Mathematics for Class 10-12th. • pursued M.Sc. Mathematics from University of Delhi & B.Sc. Mathematical Sciences from University of Delhi. Passionate about solving mathematical problems and I have helped many students to overcome the fear of Maths.
Palak ma'am is a wonderful teacher. She is patient, kind, and explains maths in a clear and simple way. I have improved my understanding of mathematical concepts much better now and feel more confident. She has deep understanding of concepts.I highly recommend her.
Top Tutor
Indirapuram, Ghaziabad
5 yrs of
Exp
39 hrs of classes completed
Online Classes
I was a working professional .Left my job and started teaching as a tutor. I have been a national level debater . I am a famous teacher amongst my students .
Top Tutor
Begur Road, Bangalore
5 yrs of
Exp
4 hrs of classes completed
350
per hour
Online Classes
Tutor's home
I have been teaching since last more than 5 years. My way of teaching style is so simple so that it make students very easier to understand. I am taking classes of Math and Hindi subject.
Top Tutor
Sector-18, Faridabad
1 yrs of
Exp
3 students
1108 hrs of classes completed
600
per hour
Online Classes
Tutor's home
I have approximately 3 years of experience of teaching Mathematics across different boards including CBSE, IGCSE and state board in reputed schools like DPS International. I am post graduate in statistics and honors degree in mathematics from reputed universities like DU. I have helped many students to overcome their fear of Mathematics and Statistics. My aim is to develop a genuine love for the subject in students.
You are a great teacher because of you, I love maths; otherwise, before I was counted among the maths haters.
