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Q8(vi):
Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (vi) isogamy
Solution :
Definition and Theoretical Foundation
Isogamy (from Greek isos, meaning "equal," and gamos, meaning "marriage") is a form of sexual reproduction where the gametes involved are morphologically indistinguishable. These gametes, referred to as isogametes, possess identical shape, size, and motility characteristics [Per the principles of biological classification in Phycology].
Mechanism of Isogamy
In isogamous organisms, the fusion process (syngamy) involves two gametes that cannot be classified as distinctly "male" or "female" based on external morphology. Instead, they are often designated as mating types (e.g., $+$ and $-$ strains) to denote compatibility [Biological Axiom: Sexual dimorphism is absent at the gametic level].
Visual Representation of Isogamy
Comparative Analysis of Gametic States
| Term | Morphology | Motility |
|---|---|---|
| Isogamy | Identical | Identical |
| Anisogamy | Dissimilar | Variable |
| Oogamy | Highly Distinct | Non-motile Egg / Motile Sperm |
Biological Examples
- Chlamydomonas (C. debaryanum): Many species of this genus of green algae exhibit flagellated, motile isogametes. When conditions are favorable, these cells fuse to form a diploid zygospore [Reference: Kingdom Protista/Chlorophyceae].
- Spirogyra: Although often characterized by conjugation, the fusion of non-flagellated (ameboid) isogametes is a classic physiological example of isogamy within the order Zygnematales.
Final Solution: Isogamy is a mode of sexual reproduction characterized by the fusion of morphologically identical gametes, commonly observed in primitive aquatic plants such as Chlamydomonas and Spirogyra.
More Questions from Class 11 Biology Plant Kingdom EXERCISES
- Q1: What is the basis of classification of algae?
- Q2: When and where does reduction division take place in the life cycle of a liverwort, a moss, a fern, a gymnosperm and an angiosperm?
- Q3: Name three groups of plants that bear archegonia. Briefly describe the life cycle of any one of them.
- Q4: Mention the ploidy of the following: protonemal cell of a moss; primary endosperm nucleus in dicot, leaf cell of a moss; prothallus cell of a ferm; gemma cell in Marchantia; meristem cell of monocot, ovum of a liverwort, and zygote of a fern.
- Q5: Write a note on economic importance of algae and gymnosperms.
- Q6: Both gymnosperms and angiosperms bear seeds, then why are they classified separately?
- Q7: What is heterospory? Briefly comment on its significance. Give two examples.
- Q8(i): Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (i) protonema
- Q8(ii): Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (ii) antheridium
- Q8(iii): Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (iii) archegonium
- Q8(iv): Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (iv) diplontic
- Q8(v): Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (v) sporophyll
- Q9(i): Differentiate between the following:- (i) red algae and brown algae
- Q9(ii): Differentiate between the following:- (ii) liverworts and moss
- Q9(iii): Differentiate between the following:- (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte
- Q10: Match the following (column I with column II) Column I Column II (a) Chlamydomonas (i) Moss (b) Cycas (ii) Pteridophyte (c) Selaginella (iii) Algae (d) Sphagnum (iv) Gymnosperm
- Q11: Describe the important characteristics of gymnosperms.
CBSE Solutions for Class 11 Biology Plant Kingdom
Chapters in CBSE - Class 11 Biology
- The Living World
- Biological Classification
- Animal Kingdom
- Morphology of Flowering Plants
- Anatomy of Flowering Plants
- Structural Organisation in Animals
- Cell – The Unit of Life
- Biomolecules
- Cell Cycle and Division
- Transport in Plants
- Mineral Nutrition
- Photosynthesis
- Respiration in Plants
- Plant Growth and Development
- Digestion and Absorption
- Breathing and Exchange of Gases
- Body Fluids and Circulation
- Excretory Products and Elimination
- Locomotion and Movement
- Neural Control and Coordination
- Chemical Coordination and Integration
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