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Q4:
What would happen to the life of a cell if there was no Golgi apparatus?
Solution :
1. Role and Functional Definition of the Golgi Apparatus
The Golgi apparatus (or Golgi complex) functions as the primary "post-office" or "packaging and shipping center" of the cell. Its operational mandate includes the modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins and lipids synthesized in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER). [Per the biological principle of compartmentalization, the Golgi apparatus maintains the specific biochemical environment required for post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation and phosphorylation.]
2. Systematic Breakdown of Cellular Consequences
The absence of the Golgi apparatus would lead to a total collapse of cellular logistics. The failure manifests in the following granular stages:
- Inhibition of Protein/Lipid Processing: Proteins synthesized by the Rough ER remain in an immature, non-functional state. Without the Golgi's enzymes to modify these molecules, they cannot achieve the correct tertiary or quaternary structures required for physiological activity.
- Failure of Targeted Delivery: The Golgi labels molecules with specific "molecular tags" (e.g., mannose-6-phosphate) to ensure they are dispatched to the correct organelles (lysosomes, plasma membrane, or extracellular space). Without this system, proteins would be randomly dispersed in the cytoplasm, leading to cellular dysfunction.
- Lysosomal Collapse: Lysosomes are formed via budding from the trans-Golgi network. If the Golgi apparatus is absent, the cell cannot produce new lysosomes. This results in the accumulation of cellular waste, damaged organelles, and macromolecules, eventually triggering programmed cell death (apoptosis) due to toxic buildup.
- Plasma Membrane Integrity: The Golgi is responsible for shuttling components (proteins and phospholipids) to the plasma membrane for repair and growth. Absence of this transport causes the membrane to lose its integrity, leading to uncontrolled osmotic influx and eventual lysis.
3. Visual Representation of Golgi Functionality
4. Comparative Impact Analysis
| Functional Pathway | Status without Golgi | Resulting Pathology |
|---|---|---|
| Protein Folding | Incomplete | Non-functional enzyme synthesis |
| Waste Disposal | Absent | Cytotoxic waste accumulation |
| Membrane Maintenance | Disrupted | Cell wall/membrane degradation |
Final Solution: The absence of the Golgi apparatus would lead to the cessation of protein and lipid processing, the failure of targeted molecular transport, the inability to produce lysosomes, and the ultimate disintegration of the cell's structural and metabolic homeostasis, resulting in cell death.
More Questions from Class 9 Science The Fundamental Unit of Life Exercises
- Q1: Make a comparison and write down ways in which plant cells are different from animal cells.
- Q2: How is a prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic cell?
- Q3: What would happen if the plasma membrane ruptures or breaks down?
- Q5: Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell? Why?
- Q6: Where do the lipids and proteins constituting the cell membrane get synthesised?
- Q7: How does an Amoeba obtain its food?
- Q8: What is osmosis?
- Q9(i): Carry out the following osmosis experiment: Take four peeled potato halves and scoos each one out to make potato cups. One of these potato cups should be made from a boiled potato. Put each potato cup in a trough containing water. Now, (a) Keep cup A empty (b) Put one teaspoon sugar in cup B (c) Put one teaspoon salt in cup C (d) Put one teaspoon sugar in the boiled potato cup D. Keep these for two hours. Then observe the four potato cups and answer the following: (i) Explain why water gathers in the hollowed portion of B and C.
- Q9(ii): Carry out the following osmosis experiment: Take four peeled potato halves and scoos each one out to make potato cups. One of these potato cups should be made from a boiled potato. Put each potato cup in a trough containing water. Now, (a) Keep cup A empty (b) Put one teaspoon sugar in cup B (c) Put one teaspoon salt in cup C (d) Put one teaspoon sugar in the boiled potato cup D. Keep these for two hours. Then observe the four potato cups and answer the following: (ii) Why is potato A necessary for this experiment?
- Q9(iii): Carry out the following osmosis experiment: Take four peeled potato halves and scoos each one out to make potato cups. One of these potato cups should be made from a boiled potato. Put each potato cup in a trough containing water. Now, (a) Keep cup A empty (b) Put one teaspoon sugar in cup B (c) Put one teaspoon salt in cup C (d) Put one teaspoon sugar in the boiled potato cup D. Keep these for two hours. Then observe the four potato cups and answer the following: (iii) Explain why water does not gather in the hollowed out portions of A and D.
- Q10: Which type of cell division is required for growth and repair of body and which type is involved in formation of gametes?
CBSE Solutions for Class 9 Science The Fundamental Unit of Life
Chapters in CBSE - Class 9 Science
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