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Q35:
The degree of the differential equation $[1 + (\frac{dy}{dx})^2]^{\frac{3}{2}} = \frac{d^2y}{dx^2}$ is
Solution :
Step 1: Identification of the Differential Equation
The given differential equation is: $$\left[1 + \left(\frac{dy}{dx}\right)^2\right]^{\frac{3}{2}} = \frac{d^2y}{dx^2}$$ [Per the standard definition, the order of a differential equation is the order of the highest derivative present, and the degree is the power to which the highest-order derivative is raised after the equation has been expressed as a polynomial in derivatives.]
Step 2: Elimination of Fractional Exponents
To determine the degree, the equation must be free from fractional powers (radicals) involving the dependent variable and its derivatives. We square both sides of the equation to eliminate the power of $\frac{3}{2}$.
$$\left(\left[1 + \left(\frac{dy}{dx}\right)^2\right]^{\frac{3}{2}}\right)^2 = \left(\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}\right)^2$$ [By the Law of Exponents: $(a^m)^n = a^{m \cdot n}$]
$$\left[1 + \left(\frac{dy}{dx}\right)^2\right]^3 = \left(\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}\right)^2$$
Step 3: Determination of Order and Degree
- Identifying the Highest Order Derivative: The highest derivative appearing in the equation is $\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}$, which is of order 2.
- Identifying the Degree: Once the equation is expressed as a polynomial in its derivatives, the degree is defined as the exponent of the highest-order derivative.
- In the modified equation $\left[1 + (\frac{dy}{dx})^2\right]^3 = (\frac{d^2y}{dx^2})^2$, the highest-order derivative $\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}$ is raised to the power of 2.
Visual Representation of Derivative Hierarchy
Final Solution: The degree of the differential equation is 2.
More Questions from Class 12 Mathematics Differential Equations EXERCISE 9.3
- Q1: Find the solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{2y}{x}$.
- Q2: Find the differential equation of all non vertical lines in a plane.
- Q3: Given that $\frac{dy}{dx} = e^{-2y}$ and $y = 0$ when $x = 5$. Find the value of $x$ when $y = 3$.
- Q4: Solve the differential equation $(x^2 – 1) \frac{dy}{dx} + 2xy = \frac{1}{x^2 - 1}$.
- Q5: Solve the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} + 2xy = y^2$.
- Q6: Find the general solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} + ay = e^{mx}$.
- Q7: Solve the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} + 1 = e^{x+y}$.
- Q8: Solve: $ydx – xdy = x^2ydx$.
- Q9: Solve the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} = 1 + x + y^2 + xy^2$, when $y = 0$, $x = 0$.
- Q10: Find the general solution of $(x + 2y^3)\frac{dy}{dx} = y$.
- Q11: If $y(x)$ is a solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} + \frac{2x}{1+x^2}y = \frac{1}{(1+x^2)^2}$ and $y (0) = 1$, then find the value of $y(\frac{\pi}{2})$.
- Q12: If $y(t)$ is a solution of $(1 + t)\frac{dy}{dt} – ty = 1$ and $y (0) = – 1$, then show that $y (1) = –\frac{1}{2}$.
- Q13: Form the differential equation having $y = (\sin^{-1}x)^2 + A\cos^{-1}x + B$, where $A$ and $B$ are arbitrary constants, as its general solution.
- Q14: Form the differential equation of all circles which pass through origin and whose centres lie on y-axis.
- Q15: Find the equation of a curve passing through origin and satisfying the differential equation $(1+x^2)\frac{dy}{dx} + 2xy = 4x^2$.
- Q16: Solve : $x^2\frac{dy}{dx} = x^2 + xy + y^2$.
- Q17: Find the general solution of the differential equation $(1 + y^2) + (x – e^{\tan^{-1}y})\frac{dy}{dx} = 0$.
- Q18: Find the general solution of $y^2dx + (x^2 – xy + y^2) dy = 0$.
- Q19: Solve : $(x + y) (dx – dy) = dx + dy$.[Hint: Substitute $x + y = z$ after seperating $dx$ and $dy$]
- Q20: Solve : $2 (y + 3) – xy\frac{dy}{dx} = 0$, given that $y (1) = – 2$.
- Q21: Solve the differential equation $dy = \cos x (2 – y \csc x) dx$ given that $y = 2$ when $x = \frac{\pi}{2}$.
- Q22: Form the differential equation by eliminating $A$ and $B$ in $Ax^2 + By^2 = 1$.
- Q23: Solve the differential equation $(1 + y^2) \tan^{-1}x dx + 2y (1 + x^2) dy = 0$.
- Q24: Find the differential equation of system of concentric circles with centre (1, 2).
- Q25: Solve : $\frac{d}{dx}(y + xy) = x (\sin x + \log x)$
- Q26: Find the general solution of $(1 + \tan y) (dx – dy) + 2xdy = 0$.
- Q27: Solve : $\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x + y) + \sin (x + y)$.[Hint: Substitute $x + y = z$]
- Q28: Find the general solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} - 3y = \sin 2x$.
- Q29: Find the equation of a curve passing through (2, 1) if the slope of the tangent to the curve at any point $(x, y)$ is $\frac{x^2 + y^2}{2xy}$.
- Q30: Find the equation of the curve through the point (1, 0) if the slope of the tangent to the curve at any point $(x, y)$ is $\frac{y-1}{x^2+x}$.
- Q31: Find the equation of a curve passing through origin if the slope of the tangent to the curve at any point $(x, y)$ is equal to the square of the difference of the abcissa and ordinate of the point.
- Q32: Find the equation of a curve passing through the point (1, 1). If the tangent drawn at any point P $(x, y)$ on the curve meets the co-ordinate axes at A and B such that P is the mid-point of AB.
- Q33: Solve : $x\frac{dy}{dx} = y (\log y – \log x + 1)$
- Q34: The degree of the differential equation $(\frac{d^2y}{dx^2})^2 + (\frac{dy}{dx})^2 = x \sin(\frac{dy}{dx})$ is:
- Q36: The order and degree of the differential equation $(\frac{d^2y}{dx^2})^{\frac{1}{2}} + (\frac{dy}{dx})^{\frac{1}{5}} + 4 = 0$, respectively, are
- Q37: If $y = e^{-x} (A\cos x + B\sin x)$, then $y$ is a solution of
- Q38: The differential equation for $y = A\cos \alpha x + B\sin \alpha x$, where $A$ and $B$ are arbitrary constants is
- Q39: Solution of differential equation $xdy – ydx = 0$ represents :
- Q40: Integrating factor of the differential equation $\cos x \frac{dy}{dx} + y\sin x = 1$ is :
- Q41: Solution of the differential equation $\tan y \sec^2x dx + \tan x \sec^2y dy = 0$ is :
- Q42: Family $y = Ax + A^3$ of curves is represented by the differential equation of degree :
- Q43: Integrating factor of $x\frac{dy}{dx} – y = x^4 – 3x$ is :
- Q44: Solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} - y = 1$, $y (0) = 1$ is given by
- Q45: The number of solutions of $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{y+1}{x-1}$ when $y (1) = 2$ is :
- Q46: Which of the following is a second order differential equation?
- Q47: Integrating factor of the differential equation $(1 – x^2)\frac{dy}{dx} - xy = 1$ is
- Q48: $\tan^{-1} x + \tan^{-1} y = c$ is the general solution of the differential equation:
- Q49: The differential equation $y\frac{dy}{dx} + x = c$ represents :
- Q50: The general solution of $e^x \cos y dx – e^x \sin y dy = 0$ is :
- Q51: The degree of the differential equation $(\frac{d^2y}{dx^2})^2 + (\frac{dy}{dx})^3 + y^5 + 6 = 0$ is :
- Q52: The solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} + y = e^{-x}, y(0) = 0$ is :
- Q53: Integrating factor of the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} + y \tan x - \sec x = 0$ is:
- Q54: The solution of the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1+y^2}{1+x^2}$ is:
- Q55: The integrating factor of the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} + (1+\frac{1}{x})y = ...$ is:
- Q56: $y = ae^{mx} + be^{-mx}$ satisfies which of the following differential equation?
- Q57: The solution of the differential equation $\cos x \sin y dx + \sin x \cos y dy = 0$ is :
- Q58: The solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} + \frac{y}{x} = e^x$ is:
- Q59: The differential equation of the family of curves $x^2 + y^2 – 2ay = 0$, where $a$ is arbitrary constant, is:
- Q60: Family $y = Ax + A^3$ of curves will correspond to a differential equation of order
- Q61: The general solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} = e^{y-2x}$ is :
- Q62: The curve for which the slope of the tangent at any point is equal to the ratio of the abcissa to the ordinate of the point is :
- Q63: The general solution of the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} = e^{x^2} + 2xy$ is :
- Q64: The solution of the equation $(2y – 1) dx – (2x + 3)dy = 0$ is :
- Q65: The differential equation for which $y = a\cos x + b\sin x$ is a solution, is :
- Q66: The solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} + y = e^{-x}, y (0) = 0$ is :
- Q67: The order and degree of the differential equation $(\frac{d^3y}{dx^3})^2 - 3(\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}) + 2(\frac{dy}{dx})^4 = y$ are :
- Q68: The order and degree of the differential equation $[1 + (\frac{dy}{dx})^2]^{\frac{3}{2}} = \frac{d^2y}{dx^2}$ are :
- Q69: The differential equation of the family of curves $y^2 = 4a (x + a)$ is :
- Q70: Which of the following is the general solution of $\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} - 2\frac{dy}{dx} + 2y = 0$ ?
- Q71: General solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} + y \tan x = \sec x$ is :
- Q72: Solution of the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} + \frac{y}{x} = \sin x$ is :
- Q73: The general solution of the differential equation $(e^x + 1) ydy = (y + 1) e^x dx$ is:
- Q74: The solution of the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} = e^{x-y} + x^2 e^{-y}$ is :
- Q75: The solution of the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} + \frac{2xy}{1+x^2} = \frac{1}{(1+x^2)^2}$ is :
- Q76(i): Fill in the blanks: The degree of the differential equation $\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} + e^{\frac{dy}{dx}} = 0$ is _________.
- Q76(ii): Fill in the blanks: The degree of the differential equation $\sqrt{1 + (\frac{dy}{dx})^2} = x$ is _________.
- Q76(iii): Fill in the blanks: The number of arbitrary constants in the general solution of a differential equation of order three is _________.
- Q76(iv): Fill in the blanks: $\frac{dy}{dx} + \frac{y}{x\log x} = \frac{1}{x}$ is an equation of the type _________.
- Q76(ix): Fill in the blanks: General solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} + \frac{y}{x} = \sin x$ is _________.
- Q76(v): Fill in the blanks: General solution of the differential equation of the type $\frac{dx}{dy} + P_1 x = Q_1$ is given by _________.
- Q76(vi): Fill in the blanks: The solution of the differential equation $x\frac{dy}{dx} + 2y = x^2$ is _________.
- Q76(vii): Fill in the blanks: The solution of $(1 + x^2) \frac{dy}{dx} +2xy – 4x^2 = 0$ is _________.
- Q76(viii): Fill in the blanks: The solution of the differential equation $ydx + (x + xy)dy = 0$ is ______.
- Q76(x): Fill in the blanks: The solution of differential equation $\cot y dx = xdy$ is _________.
- Q76(xi): Fill in the blanks: The integrating factor of $\frac{dy}{dx} + \frac{y}{x(y+1)} = 1$ is _________.
- Q77(i): State True or False: Integrating factor of the differential of the form $\frac{dx}{dy} + p_1 x = Q_1$ is given by $e^{\int p_1 dy}$.
- Q77(ii): State True or False: Solution of the differential equation of the type $\frac{dx}{dy} + p_1 x = Q_1$ is given by $x \cdot I.F. = \int (Q_1 \times I.F.) dy$.
- Q77(iii): State True or False: Correct substitution for the solution of the differential equation of the type $\frac{dy}{dx} = f(x, y)$, where $f (x, y)$ is a homogeneous function of zero degree is $y = vx$.
- Q77(iv): State True or False: Correct substitution for the solution of the differential equation of the type $\frac{dx}{dy} = g(x, y)$ where $g(x, y)$ is a homogeneous function of the degree zero is $x = vy$.
- Q77(ix): State True or False: The solution of the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x+2y}{x}$ is $x + y = kx^2$.
- Q77(v): State True or False: Number of arbitrary constants in the particular solution of a differential equation of order two is two.
- Q77(vi): State True or False: The differential equation representing the family of circles $x^2 + (y – a)^2 = a^2$ will be of order two.
- Q77(vii): State True or False: The solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} = (\frac{y}{x})^{\frac{1}{3}}$ is $y^{\frac{2}{3}} – x^{\frac{2}{3}} = c$.
- Q77(viii): State True or False: Differential equation representing the family of curves $y = e^x (A\cos x + B\sin x)$ is $\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} – 2\frac{dy}{dx} + 2y = 0$.
- Q77(x): State True or False: Solution of $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{y}{x} + \tan(\frac{y}{x})$ is $\sin(\frac{y}{x}) = cx$.
- Q77(xi): State True or False: The differential equation of all non horizontal lines in a plane is $\frac{d^2x}{dy^2} = 0$.
CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Mathematics Differential Equations
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