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Q62:
The curve for which the slope of the tangent at any point is equal to the ratio of the abcissa to the ordinate of the point is :

Solution :

Step 1: Mathematical Formulation of the Given Condition

The problem states that for a curve $y = f(x)$, the slope of the tangent at any point $(x, y)$ is equal to the ratio of the abscissa ($x$) to the ordinate ($y$).

The slope of the tangent to the curve is given by the derivative $\frac{dy}{dx}$.

According to the given condition: $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x}{y}$ [Per the definition of the derivative as the slope of the tangent].

Step 2: Separation of Variables

To solve this first-order ordinary differential equation, we isolate the variables $x$ and $y$ on opposite sides of the equation:

$y \, dy = x \, dx$

Step 3: Integration

Integrate both sides with respect to their respective variables:

$\int y \, dy = \int x \, dx$

Applying the power rule for integration, $\int u^n \, du = \frac{u^{n+1}}{n+1} + C$:

$\frac{y^2}{2} = \frac{x^2}{2} + C_1$

Step 4: Algebraic Simplification

Multiply the entire equation by 2 to clear the denominators:

$y^2 = x^2 + 2C_1$

Let $C = 2C_1$, where $C$ is an arbitrary constant:

$y^2 - x^2 = C$

Visual Representation of the Solution Family

O(0,0) x y

Step 5: Analytical Interpretation

The equation $y^2 - x^2 = C$ represents a family of rectangular hyperbolas centered at the origin $(0,0)$.

  • If $C > 0$, the transverse axis is along the $y$-axis.
  • If $C < 0$, the transverse axis is along the $x$-axis.
  • If $C = 0$, the equation represents the pair of lines $y = x$ and $y = -x$.

Final Solution: The curve is a rectangular hyperbola represented by the equation $y^2 - x^2 = C$, where $C$ is an arbitrary constant.


More Questions from Class 12 Mathematics Differential Equations EXERCISE 9.3


CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Mathematics Differential Equations


Chapters in CBSE - Class 12 Mathematics


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