default_background
✕

Find the best tutors and institutes for Class 12 Tuition

Find Best Class 12 Tuition

Please select a Category.

Please select a Locality.

No matching category found.

No matching Locality found.

Q7:
Discuss how the property of plant cell totipotency has been utilised for plant propagation and improvement

Solution :

1. Theoretical Foundation of Totipotency

Totipotency is the inherent biological capacity of a single plant cell to divide, differentiate, and regenerate into a complete, genetically identical mature plant under suitable laboratory conditions. This process, governed by the manipulation of hormonal ratios (auxins and cytokinins), serves as the cornerstone of plant tissue culture technology [Per the principle of Cellular Differentiation and Dedifferentiation].

2. The Process of Micropropagation

The utilization of totipotency in plant propagation is executed through the following sequential stages:

  • Explant Selection: A small tissue fragment (explant) is excised from the parent plant (e.g., shoot tip, meristem, or leaf segments).
  • Sterilization: The explant is surface-sterilized using chemical agents to ensure an axenic (contaminant-free) environment.
  • Inoculation and Callus Formation: The explant is placed on a nutrient medium containing sucrose, inorganic salts, vitamins, and specific plant growth regulators (PGRs). The cells undergo dedifferentiation to form a mass of unorganized, actively dividing cells known as callus.
  • Organogenesis: By altering the ratio of $Auxin:Cytokinin$, the callus is induced to form roots and shoots (redifferentiation).
  • Hardening: Plantlets are transferred to a greenhouse to acclimate to external environmental conditions before field transplantation.
Explant Callus Growth Plantlet âž”

3. Applications in Plant Improvement

The application of totipotency extends beyond simple vegetative propagation to advanced genetic enhancement strategies:

Method Mechanism Benefit
Somatic Hybridization Fusion of isolated protoplasts from two distinct species followed by regeneration of a hybrid plant. Bypasses sexual incompatibility barriers to combine desirable traits (e.g., disease resistance).
Virus-Free Plants Culture of shoot apical meristems (which are virus-free even in infected plants). Production of healthy stock for crops like banana, sugarcane, and potato.
Somaclonal Variation Selection of spontaneous genetic variations occurring during the tissue culture process. Creation of new phenotypes with improved yield or stress tolerance.

4. Summary of Advantages

  • Rapid Multiplication: Thousands of plants can be generated from a single explant within a limited space and time frame [Exponential Growth Kinetics].
  • Genetic Uniformity: As the process is clonal, it ensures the maintenance of superior parental genotypes in the offspring.
  • Germplasm Conservation: Rare or endangered species can be cryopreserved and subsequently multiplied through totipotent regeneration.

Final Solution: The property of plant totipotency enables mass clonal propagation (micropropagation) through in vitro culture, facilitating the rapid production of disease-free plants, the creation of somatic hybrids via protoplast fusion, and the utilization of somaclonal variations for crop improvement, all while maintaining genetic fidelity to the parent plant.


More Questions from Class 12 Biology Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS


CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Biology Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production


Chapters in CBSE - Class 12 Biology


Top Tutors who teach Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

(16)
Top Tutor
locationImg Tollygunge, Kolkata
experience 5 yrs of Exp students 3 students
greenClock 38 hrs of classes completed
rsIcon 800 per hour
Physics and Mathematics expert with 6 years experience in School and College level education
Online Classes Online Classes

I have been giving tuitions to Class 12 students since October 2015. I was then in 2nd year of BSc Physics from the renowned 200 years old university, Presidency University. In total I taught 2 Class 12 students in Kolkata and 9 Class 12 students in Delhi. Currently I am teaching a Class 11 student from JNU Quarters Maths, Physics and Chemistry via Zoom app. I have whiteboard, colourful pens and other requirements to ease the teaching in a great way.

Skills: Mathematics , Physics and more
Also teaches: Class 9 Tuition, BSc Tuition and more

(58)
Top Tutor
locationImg Sector 54, Chandigarh
experience 15 yrs of Exp students 10 students
greenClock 259 hrs of classes completed
rsIcon 750 per hour
Physics tutor with 15 yrs plus experience
Online Classes Online Classes

i am physics teacher with 15 years of experience in teaching 11,12, competitive exams. i always try to explain topics more in practical form rather than theortical by giving examples from day to day life . topics like electrostatics , alternating current ,optics , semiconductors and logic gates are most imp and students usually got troubled there but with practical apporoach i make them go with happy and easy learning .

MANJU pal

Puts in genuine effort Clear concepts Offer flexible timings Cover all types of questions in class Excellent teacher

Skills: Physics
Also teaches: NEET-UG Coaching, Class 10 Tuition and more

(12)
Top Tutor
locationImg Uttam Nagar, Delhi
experience 10 yrs of Exp students 2 students
greenClock 132 hrs of classes completed
rsIcon 1000 per hour
Professional teacher with 9 years of experience
Online Classes Online Classes
homeTutions Student's Home

Efficient professional with 9+ years of experience and proven knowledge of lectures, training and development, and adaptive teaching methods. I aim to leverage my skills to successfully fill the significant role of a teacher in your life. Also, through my experience, I have developed interactive teaching methods that can help you understand every concept's very applicability, enabling you to correlate the readings with practical situations.

Skills: Mathematics , Economics and more
Also teaches: Class 10 Tuition, BCom Tuition and more

Rinky A. Class 12 Tuition trainer in Delhi
(63)
Top Tutor
locationImg New Ashok Nagar, Delhi
experience 20 yrs of Exp students 8 students
greenClock 513 hrs of classes completed
rsIcon 600 per hour
Highly Qualified teacher with 25 years of experience in teaching. BSc MSc Bed
Online Classes Online Classes

Rinky Awasthi Educationist CEO Teaching is my PASSION. I am handing students online as well as offline. My role is to impart knowledge and push students in a very lovable way to score good marks. I emphasis more on concept clearance. At times I am both strict & soft depending upon the circumstances. On regular basis I take exams. I am teacher but try to be friendly with students so that I can know their weak areas. Moreover I am touch with parents too so that on regular basis I could send growth chart to parents. Result OF 2022-2023 Science Class X Result 2023 Shanaya Bali 100 Abhinandan Mishra 98 Avani 97 Tarini Dasgupta 95 Ruben Dey 94 Shaza 94 Shreya Erangapurath 91 Janya Arora 90 Nina 85 Pari Sharma 84 Chemistry XII Result 2023 1) Ishaan Pandey 97 2) Priyanka Sharma 96 3) Animesh Tyagi 94 4) Sara Gupta 94 5) Isha Narula 92 6) Aman Jain 90 7) Divyanshi 87 8) Yusra Khan 86 9) Musa Abidi 84 Biology XII Result 2023 1) Isha Narula 98 2) Divyanshi 97 3) Ishaan Pandey 95 4) Adarsh Meher 94 5) Priyanka Sharma 94 6) Sara Gupta 92 7) Shweta 89 8) Prisha 85 NEET Batch 2023 1) Sara Gupta 2)Divyanshi 3) Prisha 4)Ishaan Pandey 5)Adarsh Meher 6)Shweta 7)Priyanka Sharma 8)Isha Narula Result speaks -sharing my Term 1 result of 2021-2022 Proud of my Students Term 1 Result Class X Aaryaman 40/40 Yashita 40/40 Kaushika 39/40 Siddharth 38/40 Nandani 35.5/40 Pranit 34/40 Shashwat 34/40 Aryaan 28/40 Term 1 Result Class Biology XII Gauri 34/35 Yashasvi 34/35 Shreya 34/35 Suhani shah 33/35 Tarun 33/35 Kavita 33/35 Term 1 Result Class Chemistry XII Gauri 35/35 Yashasvi 35/35 Shreya 34/35 Suhani shah 34/35 Tarun 34/35 Kavita 33/35 I teach in very friendly manner. Concept clearance is my priority. On regular basis I take test. Take demo and feels the difference. MY WORK SPEAKS I am result oriented. My methodology of teaching is such that students learn to deal with any type of situation. Grooming while studying is my funda.

Smita Jaiswal

Mam is so good, she is nice person also. Her teaching like awesome.

Skills: Chemistry , Biology
Also teaches: Class 9 Tuition, Class 11 Tuition and more

(16)
Top Tutor
locationImg Begur Road, Bangalore
experience 5 yrs of Exp
greenClock 4 hrs of classes completed
rsIcon 350 per hour
To Teach students in a very simple and easy level and more that 5 years of experience.
Online Classes Online Classes
regularClasses Tutor's home

I have been teaching since last more than 5 years. My way of teaching style is so simple so that it make students very easier to understand. I am taking classes of Math and Hindi subject.

Skills: Mathematics , Hindi
Also teaches: Class 11 Tuition, Class 10 Tuition and more

Other Subjects in CBSE - Class 12

Worksheet Icon

Download free CBSE - Class 12 Biology Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS worksheets

Download Now

Find Best Class 12 Tuition ?

Find Now »