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Q8:
$E$ is a point on the side $AD$ produced of a parallelogram $ABCD$ and $BE$ intersects $CD$ at $F$. Show that $\triangle ABE \sim \triangle CFB$.
Solution :
Given: A parallelogram $ABCD$ where $E$ is a point on the side $AD$ produced. The line segment $BE$ intersects the side $CD$ at point $F$.
To Prove: $\triangle ABE \sim \triangle CFB$.
Step 1: Identifying the properties of the parallelogram $ABCD$.
In a parallelogram $ABCD$, opposite sides are parallel and opposite angles are equal. Therefore:
$AD \parallel BC$ [Definition of a parallelogram]
Since $E$ lies on the extension of $AD$, it follows that $AE \parallel BC$.
Also, $\angle A = \angle C$ [Opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal].
Step 2: Analyzing $\triangle ABE$ and $\triangle CFB$.
We compare the two triangles based on the Angle-Angle (AA) similarity criterion.
Consider $\angle A$ in $\triangle ABE$ and $\angle BCF$ in $\triangle CFB$.
Since $ABCD$ is a parallelogram, $\angle A = \angle BCD$ [Opposite angles of a parallelogram].
Note that $\angle BCF$ is the same as $\angle BCD$. Thus, $\angle A = \angle BCF$.
Step 3: Establishing the second pair of equal angles.
Consider the parallel lines $AE$ and $BC$ intersected by the transversal $BE$.
$\angle AEB = \angle CBF$ [Alternate interior angles are equal when two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal].
Note that $\angle AEB$ is the same as $\angle AEB$ in $\triangle ABE$, and $\angle CBF$ is the same as $\angle CBF$ in $\triangle CFB$.
Step 4: Applying the AA Similarity Criterion.
In $\triangle ABE$ and $\triangle CFB$:
1. $\angle A = \angle BCF$ [Proved in Step 2]
2. $\angle AEB = \angle CBF$ [Proved in Step 3]
Therefore, by the AA similarity criterion, $\triangle ABE \sim \triangle CFB$.
Final Answer: Since two angles of $\triangle ABE$ are equal to two angles of $\triangle CFB$, the triangles are similar by the AA similarity criterion: $\triangle ABE \sim \triangle CFB$.
More Questions from Class 10 Mathematics Triangles EXERCISE 6.3
- Q1(i): State which pairs of triangles in Fig. 6.34 are similar. Write the similarity criterion used by you for answering the question and also write the pairs of similar triangles in the symbolic form : (i)
- Q1(ii): State which pairs of triangles in Fig. 6.34 are similar. Write the similarity criterion used by you for answering the question and also write the pairs of similar triangles in the symbolic form : (ii)
- Q1(iii): State which pairs of triangles in Fig. 6.34 are similar. Write the similarity criterion used by you for answering the question and also write the pairs of similar triangles in the symbolic form : (iii)
- Q1(iv): State which pairs of triangles in Fig. 6.34 are similar. Write the similarity criterion used by you for answering the question and also write the pairs of similar triangles in the symbolic form : (iv)
- Q1(v): State which pairs of triangles in Fig. 6.34 are similar. Write the similarity criterion used by you for answering the question and also write the pairs of similar triangles in the symbolic form : (v)
- Q1(vi): State which pairs of triangles in Fig. 6.34 are similar. Write the similarity criterion used by you for answering the question and also write the pairs of similar triangles in the symbolic form : (vi)
- Q10(i): $CD$ and $GH$ are respectively the bisectors of $\angle ACB$ and $\angle EGF$ such that $D$ and $H$ lie on sides $AB$ and $FE$ of $\triangle ABC$ and $\triangle EFG$ respectively. If $\triangle ABC \sim \triangle FEG$, show that: (i) $\frac{CD}{GH} = \frac{AC}{FG}$
- Q10(ii): $CD$ and $GH$ are respectively the bisectors of $\angle ACB$ and $\angle EGF$ such that $D$ and $H$ lie on sides $AB$ and $FE$ of $\triangle ABC$ and $\triangle EFG$ respectively. If $\triangle ABC \sim \triangle FEG$, show that: (ii) $\triangle DCB \sim \triangle HGE$
- Q10(iii): $CD$ and $GH$ are respectively the bisectors of $\angle ACB$ and $\angle EGF$ such that $D$ and $H$ lie on sides $AB$ and $FE$ of $\triangle ABC$ and $\triangle EFG$ respectively. If $\triangle ABC \sim \triangle FEG$, show that: (iii) $\triangle DCA \sim \triangle HGF$
- Q11: In Fig. 6.40, $E$ is a point on side $CB$ produced of an isosceles triangle $ABC$ with $AB = AC$. If $AD \perp BC$ and $EF \perp AC$, prove that $\triangle ABD \sim \triangle ECF$.
- Q12: Sides $AB$ and $BC$ and median $AD$ of a triangle $ABC$ are respectively proportional to sides $PQ$ and $QR$ and median $PM$ of $\triangle PQR$ (see Fig. 6.41). Show that $\triangle ABC \sim \triangle PQR$.
- Q13: $D$ is a point on the side $BC$ of a triangle $ABC$ such that $\angle ADC = \angle BAC$. Show that $CA^2 = CB \cdot CD$.
- Q14: Sides $AB$ and $AC$ and median $AD$ of a triangle $ABC$ are respectively proportional to sides $PQ$ and $PR$ and median $PM$ of another triangle $PQR$. Show that $\triangle ABC \sim \triangle PQR$.
- Q15: A vertical pole of length 6 m casts a shadow 4 m long on the ground and at the same time a tower casts a shadow 28 m long. Find the height of the tower.
- Q16: If $AD$ and $PM$ are medians of triangles $ABC$ and $PQR$, respectively where $\triangle ABC \sim \triangle PQR$, prove that $\frac{AB}{PQ} = \frac{AD}{PM}$.
- Q2: In Fig. 6.35, $\triangle ODC \sim \triangle OBA$, $\angle BOC = 125^{\circ}$ and $\angle CDO = 70^{\circ}$. Find $\angle DOC$, $\angle DCO$ and $\angle OAB$.
- Q3: Diagonals $AC$ and $BD$ of a trapezium $ABCD$ with $AB \parallel DC$ intersect each other at the point $O$. Using a similarity criterion for two triangles, show that $\frac{OA}{OC} = \frac{OB}{OD}$.
- Q4: In Fig. 6.36, $\frac{QR}{QS} = \frac{QT}{PR}$ and $\angle 1 = \angle 2$. Show that $\triangle PQS \sim \triangle TQR$.
- Q5: $S$ and $T$ are points on sides $PR$ and $QR$ of $\triangle PQR$ such that $\angle P = \angle RTS$. Show that $\triangle RPQ \sim \triangle RTS$.
- Q6: In Fig. 6.37, if $\triangle ABE \cong \triangle ACD$, show that $\triangle ADE \sim \triangle ABC$.
- Q7(i): In Fig. 6.38, altitudes $AD$ and $CE$ of $\triangle ABC$ intersect each other at the point $P$. Show that: (i) $\triangle AEP \sim \triangle CDP$
- Q7(ii): In Fig. 6.38, altitudes $AD$ and $CE$ of $\triangle ABC$ intersect each other at the point $P$. Show that: (ii) $\triangle ABD \sim \triangle CBE$
- Q7(iii): In Fig. 6.38, altitudes $AD$ and $CE$ of $\triangle ABC$ intersect each other at the point $P$. Show that: (iii) $\triangle AEP \sim \triangle ADB$
- Q7(iv): In Fig. 6.38, altitudes $AD$ and $CE$ of $\triangle ABC$ intersect each other at the point $P$. Show that: (iv) $\triangle PDC \sim \triangle BEC$
- Q9(i): In Fig. 6.39, $ABC$ and $AMP$ are two right triangles, right angled at $B$ and $M$ respectively. Prove that: (i) $\triangle ABC \sim \triangle AMP$
- Q9(ii): In Fig. 6.39, $ABC$ and $AMP$ are two right triangles, right angled at $B$ and $M$ respectively. Prove that: (ii) $\frac{CA}{PA} = \frac{BC}{MP}$
CBSE Solutions for Class 10 Mathematics Triangles
Chapters in CBSE - Class 10 Mathematics
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