0What is the role of Telomere and Telomerase to process the end of the Chromosome?
Telomeres are the caps for the DNA. When the DNA replication happens they are present to be the DNA overhangs from the lagging strand of DNA synthesis. They help protect the DNA to be damaged or cut as they are the repetitive sequence of 5'TTAGGG3'. These remains as unprotected and forms a loop with nearby bases attached with each other by use of some single stranded binding proteins.
On the other hand the Telomerase is an enzyme that helps the unprotected end to be synthesized and then coiled around to act as the end. While working Telomerase uses RNA as a template for the DNA to be synthesized using a primer. It carries the RNA and forms a hybrid with DNA to be synthesized, still some DNA remains left without forming the double strand. That overhang of it actually comes as RNA primer is very particular over there, then the RNA get replaced by the DNA polymerase to help the final processing.
From the discussion above we can choose the answer as c) Telomerase contains RNA that serves as non-sense repetitive sequence template and DNA polymerase activity that extends the ends of chromosomes.
