To effectively prepare for the UPSC Mains, create a structured study plan, focus on answer writing practice, integrate current affairs, and revise regularly, while also choosing an optional subject strategically and maintaining a healthy mindset. 

Cracking the UPSC Civil Services Exam requires a strategic approach, discipline, and consistency. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you succeed:

1. Understand the Exam Structure

• The UPSC exam consists of Prelims, Mains, and Interview.
• Prelims: Objective-type questions (GS Paper I & CSAT).
• Mains: Descriptive papers, including General Studies, Essay, and Optional Subject.
• Interview: Personality test assessing analytical and leadership skills.

2. Build a Strong Foundation

• Start with NCERT books for History, Geography, Polity, and Economics.
• Read standard reference books like Laxmikanth for Polity, Spectrum for History, and Ramesh Singh for Economics.

3. Master Current Affairs

• Read The Hindu, Indian Express, and government reports.
• Follow PIB, Yojana, and Kurukshetra magazines.
• Maintain a daily notes system for important events.

4. Develop Answer Writing Skills

• Practice writing structured answers with introduction, body, and conclusion.
• Solve previous years’ papers and take mock tests.

5. Choose the Right Optional Subject

• Pick a subject based on interest, scoring potential, and availability of resources.
• Ensure deep conceptual clarity and regular practice.

6. Revise Regularly

• Make concise notes for quick revision.
• Revise static and current affairs topics multiple times.

7. Practice Mock Tests

• Attempt Prelims and Mains mock tests to improve accuracy and time management.
• Analyze mistakes and refine your strategy.

8. Prepare for the Interview

• Work on communication skills and personality development.
• Stay updated on current affairs and governance issues.
• Practice mock interviews with mentors.