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Q5:
What are the suggested reasons for population explosion?
Solution :
1. Physiological and Demographic Determinants
Population explosion, defined as a rapid increase in the size of a population in a specific area over a short duration, is mathematically represented by the formula $dN/dt = (b - d)N$, where $N$ is the population size, $b$ is the birth rate, and $d$ is the death rate. The current global surge is attributed to the following critical factors:
2. Analysis of Mortality Reduction
The most significant driver of population growth is the rapid decline in the death rate. This is categorized by:
- Advancements in Medical Infrastructure: The development of antibiotics, vaccines, and sophisticated surgical procedures has effectively mitigated the impact of infectious diseases and high maternal/infant mortality rates [Per Epidemiological Transition Theory].
- Enhanced Public Health: Widespread sanitation improvements, clean drinking water supply, and improved nutritional standards have increased average life expectancy ($L_e$) significantly.
3. Sociological and Economic Factors
Human reproductive behavior is heavily influenced by socio-cultural dynamics:
| Factor | Impact on Population Growth |
|---|---|
| Early Marriage | Increases the reproductive span of the female, leading to a higher number of potential offspring. |
| Socio-Economic Stature | In agrarian societies, children are often viewed as economic assets for labor, encouraging larger family sizes. |
| Illiteracy | Lack of awareness regarding reproductive health, contraception, and the economic burden of large families leads to uncontrolled fertility. |
4. Visual Representation of Demographic Transition
5. Reproductive Health and Demographic Momentum
Even if birth rates are stabilized, population growth continues due to demographic momentum. As a larger proportion of the population enters the reproductive age bracket (15–49 years), the net reproductive rate remains high, ensuring growth continues for several generations [Reference: Demographic Transition Model Phase 2 and 3].
Final Solution: The population explosion is primarily driven by the widening gap between a drastically reduced death rate (due to medical and sanitary advancements) and a relatively stable or slowly declining birth rate, further exacerbated by socio-economic factors such as illiteracy, early marriage, and the perception of children as economic assets.
More Questions from Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health EXERCISES
- Q1: What do you think is the significance of reproductive health in a society?
- Q1: What do you think is the significance of reproductive health in a society?
- Q2: Suggest the aspects of reproductive health which need to be given special attention in the present scenario.
- Q2: Suggest the aspects of reproductive health which need to be given special attention in the present scenario.
- Q3: Is sex education necessary in schools? Why?
- Q3: Is sex education necessary in schools? Why?
- Q4: Do you think that reproductive health in our country has improved in the past 50 years? If yes, mention some such areas of improvement.
- Q4: Do you think that reproductive health in our country has improved in the past 50 years? If yes, mention some such areas of improvement.
- Q5: What are the suggested reasons for population explosion?
- Q6: Is the use of contraceptives justified? Give reasons.
- Q6: Is the use of contraceptives justified? Give reasons.
- Q7: Removal of gonads cannot be considered as a contraceptive option. Why?
- Q7: Removal of gonads cannot be considered as a contraceptive option. Why?
- Q8: Amniocentesis for sex determination is banned in our country. Is this ban necessary? Comment.
- Q8: Amniocentesis for sex determination is banned in our country. Is this ban necessary? Comment.
- Q9: Suggest some methods to assist infertile couples to have children.
- Q9: Suggest some methods to assist infertile couples to have children.
- Q10: What are the measures one has to take to prevent from contracting STDs?
- Q10: What are the measures one has to take to prevent from contracting STDs?
- Q11(a): State True/False with explanation (a) Abortions could happen spontaneously too. (True/False)
- Q11(a): State True/False with explanation (a) Abortions could happen spontaneously too. (True/False)
- Q11(b): State True/False with explanation (b) Infertility is defined as the inability to produce a viable offspring and is always due to abnormalities/defects in the female partner. (True/False)
- Q11(b): State True/False with explanation (b) Infertility is defined as the inability to produce a viable offspring and is always due to abnormalities/defects in the female partner. (True/False)
- Q11(c): State True/False with explanation (c) Complete lactation could help as a natural method of contraception. (True/False)
- Q11(c): State True/False with explanation (c) Complete lactation could help as a natural method of contraception. (True/False)
- Q11(d): State True/False with explanation (d) Creating awareness about sex related aspects is an effective method to improve reproductive health of the people. (True/False)
- Q11(d): State True/False with explanation (d) Creating awareness about sex related aspects is an effective method to improve reproductive health of the people. (True/False)
- Q12(a): Correct the following statements : (a) Surgical methods of contraception prevent gamete formation.
- Q12(a): Correct the following statements : (a) Surgical methods of contraception prevent gamete formation.
- Q12(b): Correct the following statements : (b) All sexually transmitted diseases are completely curable.
- Q12(b): Correct the following statements : (b) All sexually transmitted diseases are completely curable.
- Q12(c): Correct the following statements : (c) Oral pills are very popular contraceptives among the rural women.
- Q12(c): Correct the following statements : (c) Oral pills are very popular contraceptives among the rural women.
- Q12(d): Correct the following statements : (d) In E. T. techniques, embryos are always transferred into the uterus.
- Q12(d): Correct the following statements : (d) In E. T. techniques, embryos are always transferred into the uterus.
CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health
Chapters in CBSE - Class 12 Biology
- Reproduction in Organisms
- Human Reproduction
- Principles of Inheritance and Variation
- Molecular Basis of Inheritance
- Evolution
- Human Health and Disease
- Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
- Microbes in Human Welfare
- Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
- Biotechnology and Its Applications
- Organisms and Populations
- Ecosystem
- Biodiversity and Conservation
- Environmental Issues
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