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Q9(c):
Name the type of joint between the following:-
(c) between phalanges
Solution :
Anatomical Classification of the Joint
The joint located between the phalanges (the bones of the fingers and toes) is anatomically classified as a hinge joint, which is a specific subtype of synovial joint [Per the classification of joints based on structure and function].
Structural and Functional Justification
The articulation between the phalanges permits movement primarily in a single plane, analogous to the movement of a door hinge. The structural configuration facilitates the following mechanics:
- Uniaxial Movement: The joint allows for $180^{\circ}$ range of motion, strictly limited to flexion (bending) and extension (straightening) [By the biomechanical principles of synovial articulation].
- Bone Geometry: The concave surface of one phalanx articulates with the convex, spool-shaped surface (trochlea) of the adjacent phalanx [Per the structural principles of Ginglymus joints].
- Synovial Characteristics: As a synovial joint, it is characterized by the presence of a fluid-filled synovial cavity, hyaline cartilage covering the articular surfaces, and a fibrous capsule reinforced by collateral ligaments to prevent lateral displacement.
Visual Representation of Hinge Joint Dynamics
Comparison of Interphalangeal Mobility
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Joint Type | Hinge (Ginglymus) |
| Degrees of Freedom | $1$ (Uniaxial) |
| Primary Action | Flexion and Extension |
| Tissue Interface | Hyaline Cartilage and Synovial Fluid |
Final Solution: The joint between the phalanges is a hinge joint.
More Questions from Class 11 Biology Locomotion and Movement EXERCISES
- Q1: Draw the diagram of a sarcomere of skeletal muscle showing different regions.
- Q2: Define sliding filament theory of muscle contraction.
- Q3: Describe the important steps in muscle contraction.
- Q4(a): Write true or false. If false change the statement so that it is true. (a) Actin is present in thin filament
- Q4(b): Write true or false. If false change the statement so that it is true. (b) H-zone of striated muscle fibre represents both thick and thin filaments.
- Q4(c): Write true or false. If false change the statement so that it is true. (c) Human skeleton has 206 bones.
- Q4(d): Write true or false. If false change the statement so that it is true. (d) There are 11 pairs of ribs in man.
- Q4(e): Write true or false. If false change the statement so that it is true. (e) Sternum is present on the ventral side of the body.
- Q5(a): Write the difference between : (a) Actin and Myosin
- Q5(b): Write the difference between : (b) Red and White muscles
- Q5(c): Write the difference between : (c) Pectoral and Pelvic girdle
- Q6: Match Column I with Column II : Column I Column II (a) Smooth muscle (i) Myoglobin (b) Tropomyosin (ii) Thin filament (c) Red muscle (iii) Sutures (d) Skull (iv) Involuntary
- Q7: What are the different types of movements exhibited by the cells of human body?
- Q8: How do you distinguish between a skeletal muscle and a cardiac muscle?
- Q9(a): Name the type of joint between the following:- (a) atlas/axis
- Q9(b): Name the type of joint between the following:- (b) carpal/metacarpal of thumb
- Q9(d): Name the type of joint between the following:- (d) femur/acetabulum
- Q9(e): Name the type of joint between the following:- (e) between cranial bones
- Q9(f): Name the type of joint between the following:- (f) between pubic bones in the pelvic girdle
- Q10(a): Fill in the blank spaces: (a) All mammals (except a few) have __________ cervical vertebra.
- Q10(b): Fill in the blank spaces: (b) The number of phalanges in each limb of human is __________
- Q10(c): Fill in the blank spaces: (c) Thin filament of myofibril contains 2 ‘F’ actins and two other proteins namely __________ and __________.
- Q10(d): Fill in the blank spaces: (d) In a muscle fibre $Ca^{++}$ is stored in __________
- Q10(e): Fill in the blank spaces: (e) __________ and __________ pairs of ribs are called floating ribs.
- Q10(f): Fill in the blank spaces: (f) The human cranium is made of __________ bones.
CBSE Solutions for Class 11 Biology Locomotion and Movement
Chapters in CBSE - Class 11 Biology
- The Living World
- Biological Classification
- Plant Kingdom
- Animal Kingdom
- Morphology of Flowering Plants
- Anatomy of Flowering Plants
- Structural Organisation in Animals
- Cell – The Unit of Life
- Biomolecules
- Cell Cycle and Division
- Transport in Plants
- Mineral Nutrition
- Photosynthesis
- Respiration in Plants
- Plant Growth and Development
- Digestion and Absorption
- Breathing and Exchange of Gases
- Body Fluids and Circulation
- Excretory Products and Elimination
- Neural Control and Coordination
- Chemical Coordination and Integration
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