Why were the Kalangas of Java considered an important community?

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Kalangas community of Java were very important due to their expertise in forest cutting and shifting cultivation. Without their expertise, harvesting teak and building palaces were impossible. The Kalangas rebelled against Dutch for the following reasons:(i) Dutch introduced forest laws to restrict villager’s...
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Kalangas community of Java were very important due to their expertise in forest cutting and shifting cultivation. Without their expertise, harvesting teak and building palaces were impossible. The Kalangas rebelled against Dutch for the following reasons:(i) Dutch introduced forest laws to restrict villager’s access to forest.(ii) Forest laws specified that wood could be only used for making river boats and houses.(iii) Villagers were punished for grazing cattle or transporting wood without a permit. read less
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