How do you connect to a database in Python?

Question

Nazia Khanum · Accepted Answer

Python Training: Connecting to a Database in Python
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I. Understanding Database Connectivity in Python Before diving into the process of connecting to a database in Python, it's essential to understand the basics.
II. Python Database Connectivity Libraries Python offers various libraries to connect to databases, but two of the most popular ones are:

SQLite: A built-in library for working with SQLite databases.
pymysql and mysql-connector-python: Libraries to connect to MySQL databases.
psycopg2: A library for PostgreSQL database connectivity.
pyodbc: For connecting to Microsoft SQL Server.

III. Steps to Connect to a Database: We'll discuss the general steps to connect to a database in Python. The specific steps may vary depending on the chosen database and library.
1. Import the Required Library:

Import the appropriate library based on the database you want to connect to.

2. Establish a Connection:

Use library functions to create a connection object.
Provide necessary connection parameters (e.g., hostname, username, password, database name).

3. Create a Cursor:

A cursor allows you to interact with the database.
Use the cursor() method provided by the library.

4. Execute SQL Queries:

You can execute SQL queries using the cursor object.
Use methods like execute(), fetchall(), and fetchone() to perform database operations.

5. Commit and Close:

After executing queries, commit the changes to the database using the commit() method.
Close the cursor and the connection when you're done.

IV. Code Example for SQLite: Here's a simple example using the SQLite database:

python

import sqlite3 # Establish a connection to a SQLite database (or create a new one) connection = sqlite3.connect("mydatabase.db") # Create a cursor cursor = connection.cursor() # Execute SQL queries cursor.execute("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT)") cursor.execute("INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES ('John')") # Commit changes and close the connection connection.commit() connection.close()

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How do you connect to a database in Python?

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