Shefali

Gravitational Field

A gravitational field is the region around a mass, like Earth, where other masses experience a force of attraction. For example, objects fall to the ground because they are within Earth's gravitational field.

Gravitational Potential

Gravitational potential is the work done to move a unit mass from a very far distance (infinity) to a specific point in the gravitational field. It indicates how much energy is needed to bring an object to that point. For instance, it takes more energy to lift an object higher above the ground because the gravitational potential increases with height.

Friction is the force that opposes the relative motion between two surfaces in contact.

Types of Friction

1. Static Friction:
• Prevents surfaces from sliding past each other.
• Example: Pushing a heavy box that doesn’t move.
2. Kinetic (Sliding) Friction:
• Opposes the motion of sliding surfaces.
• Example: Sliding a book across a table.
3. Rolling Friction:
• Opposes the motion of a rolling object.
• Example: A ball rolling on the ground.
4. Fluid Friction (Viscous Drag):
• Resists the motion of an object through a fluid.
• Example: An object moving through water or air,