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Q10:
Find a vector in the direction of vector $5\hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$ which has magnitude 8 units.

Solution :

Step 1: Define the Given Vector

Let the given vector be $\vec{a}$. $$\vec{a} = 5\hat{i} - 1\hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$$ The components of the vector are $x = 5$, $y = -1$, and $z = 2$.

Step 2: Calculate the Magnitude of $\vec{a}$

The magnitude of a vector $\vec{a} = x\hat{i} + y\hat{j} + z\hat{k}$ is given by the formula $|\vec{a}| = \sqrt{x^2 + y^2 + z^2}$ [By the definition of the Euclidean norm in $\mathbb{R}^3$].

Substituting the given values: $$|\vec{a}| = \sqrt{(5)^2 + (-1)^2 + (2)^2}$$ $$|\vec{a}| = \sqrt{25 + 1 + 4}$$ $$|\vec{a}| = \sqrt{30}$$

Step 3: Determine the Unit Vector in the Direction of $\vec{a}$

The unit vector $\hat{a}$ in the direction of $\vec{a}$ is defined as $\hat{a} = \frac{\vec{a}}{|\vec{a}|}$ [Per the definition of normalized vectors].

$$\hat{a} = \frac{5\hat{i} - \hat{j} + 2\hat{k}}{\sqrt{30}}$$ $$\hat{a} = \frac{5}{\sqrt{30}}\hat{i} - \frac{1}{\sqrt{30}}\hat{j} + \frac{2}{\sqrt{30}}\hat{k}$$

Step 4: Scale the Unit Vector to the Required Magnitude

To find a vector $\vec{v}$ with magnitude $8$ units in the direction of $\vec{a}$, we multiply the unit vector $\hat{a}$ by the scalar $8$ [Property of scalar multiplication of vectors]:

$$\vec{v} = 8 \cdot \hat{a}$$ $$\vec{v} = 8 \left( \frac{5}{\sqrt{30}}\hat{i} - \frac{1}{\sqrt{30}}\hat{j} + \frac{2}{\sqrt{30}}\hat{k} \right)$$ $$\vec{v} = \frac{40}{\sqrt{30}}\hat{i} - \frac{8}{\sqrt{30}}\hat{j} + \frac{16}{\sqrt{30}}\hat{k}$$

Step 5: Rationalization (Optional for simplified form)

Multiplying the numerator and denominator by $\sqrt{30}$:

$$\vec{v} = \frac{40\sqrt{30}}{30}\hat{i} - \frac{8\sqrt{30}}{30}\hat{j} + \frac{16\sqrt{30}}{30}\hat{k}$$ $$\vec{v} = \frac{4\sqrt{30}}{3}\hat{i} - \frac{4\sqrt{30}}{15}\hat{j} + \frac{8\sqrt{30}}{15}\hat{k}$$

Vector v Mag = 8

Final Solution: The vector is $\frac{40}{\sqrt{30}}\hat{i} - \frac{8}{\sqrt{30}}\hat{j} + \frac{16}{\sqrt{30}}\hat{k}$ units.


More Questions from Class 12 Mathematics Vector Algebra EXERCISE 10.2


CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Mathematics Vector Algebra


Chapters in CBSE - Class 12 Mathematics


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