0Movement of any object from one position to another with respect to an observer is known as Motion.
Position – Motion of any object is defined by its position with respect to the observer. Position is the location of the object.
Reference Point – It is the point from which the location of the object is measured.
Any object can be located only with the help of reference point and its direction.
Example: Suppose a person changes its position with respect to tree.
Motion in straight line
When an object moves in straight line with respect to the observer then the motion is called straight line motion.
Ex – Motion of a lift.
Vectors and Scalar
Scalar is a quantity with which direction is not associated.
Ex – Temperature, mass etc
Vector is a quantity which has both magnitude and direction.
Ex – Force, velocity etc
Distance and Displacement
Distance is the actual path travelled by the object from its initial position to final position. It is a scalar quantity.
Displacement is the shortest straight line path between initial and the final position.
- If the initial and final position are same then the displacement will be zero.
- Distance depends on path but not displacement.
- Distance is always greater than or equal to displacement. They are only equal in straight line motion without taking U-turn.
Uniform and Non-uniform Motion
Uniform motion is a motion in which equal distance is covered in equal interval of time.
Non-Uniform motion is a motion in which unequal distance in equal interval of time.
Speed and Velocity
Speed is the distance travelled by an object in unit time.
Speed = distance/time
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