The Verb

A verb is an action or state of being. Eg: Run, play, eat, etc.

Verb division:

Syntactically:

I. Finite verb: the verb that changes according to the subject.

Finite verb type:

• Transitive verb: Transitive verb ( s+v+o). Eg: They play cricket.
• Intransitive verb: Intransitive verb ( s+o). Eg: They play.
• Linking verb: The main verb to which we can replace with forms of be without changing sense. Eg: Feel, appear, looks etc.

II. Non-finite: The verb that doesn't change according to the subject. Eg: to play, playing, to study.

Non finite verb types:

1. Infinitive (to + v1)

Eg: To play, to study

2. Gerund: These are v1 + ing form acting as a noun.

Eg: Swimming is a good exercise. He likes swimming.

3. Participle: These are verbs acting as an adjective.

Eg: I want to meet to  the managing director .

Here managing is  a verb but it is acting as an adjective so is participle.

III. Auxiliaries: Eg: Like, likes 

Auxiliaries: These are used with main verbs.

Auxiliaries type:

1. Primary auxiliaries:

2. Modal auxiliaries: Eg: Shall, should, will, would, can, could, ought to, must, etc.

Marginal auxiliaries: Need, dare, used to.

Morphologically verbs are divided into three parts.

3. Regular verb: These are the, ed forms of the verb.

Eg: Play, played, played.

Look, looked, looked.

4. Irregular verb:

Eg: See, saw, seen.

Catch, caught, caught.

5. Phrasal verbs: The verbs followed by a preposition or an adverb.

Eg: Give up, Carry on.

Semantically verbs are divide into three parts:

1. Action: Eg: Play, played (v1 and v2).

2. Being: The forms of be in the sentence. Eg: I am playing.

3. Possessive verbs: Eg: Has, have, had.