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PREPOSITIONS WITH AKKUSATIVE

Gayathri Elumalai
10/08/2023 0 0

PREPOSITIONS WITH AKKUSATIVE

The following prepositions that always take an Accusative article:

bis      -    indicates  an end point of time or place.

Example:    

Der Zug fährt bis Frankfurt.

Ich arbeite heute bis 4 Uhr.

Note that the preposition ‘’bis“ is normally used without an article. However, if the preposition “bis“ is followed by a noun that an article, the combination of

 “ bis + zu” is used .

Masculine     -     Können sie mich bis zum Flughafen mitnehmen?

Feminine       -     Können sie mich bis zur Schule mitnehmen?

Neuter           -     Können sie mich bis zum Kino mitnehmen?

durch     -   Frequently used to indicate a path or a way sometimes to give a secondary reason.

Example:  

Bitte gehen sie durch den Park!

Wir fahren durch die Schweiz nach Polen

Für         -    denotes a purpose

Example:    

Die Bücher sind für paul.

Papa, gib mir € 5 für das Eis.

Wir sparen Geld für unseren Urlaub

 

Um        -   used for a place with the sense of “around “, for time and numbers it expresses an

                  approximation.

Example:  

Der Zaun ist um den Garten.              (The fence is around the garden)

Die Apotheke ist um die Ecke.            (The Chemist shop is around the corner)

The preposition “um“,“an” and “in” are also for telling the time. The Preposition “um” is used to tell an exact point of time in response to the following questions:

Example:     Wann beginnt der Film?

                      Um wie viel Uhr beginnt der Film?     Der Film beginnt um 8 Uhr.

         Wann fahrt der Zug ab?            

                       Um wie viel Uhr fahrt der Zug ab?        Der Zug fahrt um 10 Uhr ab.

The Preposition “an” with the dative article is used with the weekdays and the timings of the day. Only the question “Wann” is used in this case.

Example:    

Wann haben wir die Besprechung?              Am Mittwoch.

Wann beginnt der Kurs?                                Am Montag

Wann gehen Sie spazieren?                           Am Morgen

Wann trinken wir Bier?                                  Am Abend

The Preposition “an” with dative is used for all timings of the day except ”Nacht”, because ”Nacht” is feminine. Thus, we say “am Morgen”, “am Vormittag”, “am Mittag”, “am Nachmittag”, “am Abend”, but “in der Nacht”.

 

The Preposition “in” with dative article is used with the names of the months and the seasons of the year. The questions in this case is also “Wann”.

 

 

Example:  

Wann beginnt das Sommersemester?          In+dem = Im April.

Wann haben wir Ferein?                                Im Juni.

Wann regnet es in Indien?                             Im Monsun

Wann haben wir Weihnachten?                    Im Winter/ Im Dezember.

No Preposition is used when simply the year is stated. The question, of course, is “Wann”.

 

Example:  

Wann sind Sie geboren?                    Ich bin 1978 geboren.

Wann habt ihr geheiratet?                 Wir haben 1996 geheiratet.

The year is spoken as the full word

1978 = neunzehnhundertachtundsiebzig

1996= neunzehnhundertsechsundneunzig

The Prepositions”von” and “bis” are used to tell the duration of time. The duration of time is also told by stating the number of seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, etc. The questions for asking the duration are “Wie lange “ or ”Von wann bis wann”.

 

Example:  

Wie lange dauert der Film?                                       Der Film dauert 3 Stunden.

Von wann bis wann dauert der Film?                       Der Film dauert von 6 bis 9 Uhr.

It is important to note the difference between “Uhr” and “Stunde”, since these two words also often confuse the students. “Uhr” refers to a watch or a clock, as in “Das ist eine Uhr”. “Uhr” is also used when we say an exact point of time, as in “es ist vier Uhr”, “es ist sechs Uhr zehn”. The word “Uhr” never refers to a duration of time.

 

Use the Word “Stunde” to refer a duration of time. “Stunde” is singular and means an hour or sixty minutes . Use the word “Stunden” for the plural case.

 

Ohne    -    used to express “without”

Example:   Tragen sie dieses kleid nie ohne Hut.

                  Der Chef kam zum Abendessen ohne seine Frau.

gegen   -    expresses a direction in space or in time , expresses mostly “ against “ when used

                    in the context of space , approximation in the context of time

Example:   Das Auto ist gegen einen Baum gefahren.

Entlang -   The preposition “entlang - ALONG “ indicates a direction and is frequently placed after the Noun.

Example:   Fahren sie bitte den fluss entlang!

                   Gestern sind wir den Rhein entlang spazierengegangen.

 

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