UrbanPro
true

Take Tuition from the Best Tutors

  • Affordable fees
  • 1-1 or Group class
  • Flexible Timings
  • Verified Tutors

WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF TUNNELLING?

Phani J V
08/08/2019 0 0

 

ADVANTAGES OF TUNNELLING:
(i) Generally, when the depth of open-cut is more than 18 m, tunnelling is economical.
(ii) Tunnels carry railway lines, roads and public utility service like water, oil, gas, etc. economically. Across stream or mountain.
(iii) Tunnels avoid traffic congestion and provide rapid transportation in crowded cities.
(iv) Tunnels connect two terminal stations by the shortest route.
(v) Milder grades in tunnels reduce handling cost.
(vi) Tunnels protect bombing during aerial warfare.
(vii) Tunnels carry water to generate power.
(viii) Tunnels provide protection against weathering agencies.
(ix) Tunnels avoid acquisition of costly land or property.
DISADVANTAGES OF TUNNELLING:
(i) The initial construction cost of a tunnel is higher when compared to an open cut.
(ii) Tunnel construction requires more time in construction when compared to open
cut.
(iii) Tunnel construction requires specialized matters and sophisticated equipment.
(iv) Tunnel construction requires skilled labour and strictest supervision. The choice between a tunnel and an open cut depends upon local conditions, type of rock and available equipment. Generally, when the open-cut vertical depth exceeds 18 m, it is economical to build a tunnel.
The open cut suffers from the following disadvantages:
1. It requires larger lengths.
2. It requires higher maintenance cost.
3. In case of railway tracks in open cuts, the larger locomotive is required due to stop grades.
4. It is not at all safe during aerial warfare.
5. Highway pavements in open cuts are affected by the adverse action of weathering
agencies.
6. Open cut adjacent to the facility is dangerous.
             
                                             
                          Image result for tunnelling

0 Dislike
Follow 2

Please Enter a comment

Submit

Other Lessons for You

Lipoprotein Lipase
Location: Walls of blood capillaries, anchored to the endothelium by negatively charged proteoglycan chains of heparan sulfate. Tissue distribution: Heart, adipose tissue, spleen, lung, renal medulla,...
S

Sujatha

0 0
0

Short trick to multiply by 11
Let us take an example For example:25*11 Step1 :just write 25 as the first and the last digit of ur answer For example:2_5 Step2:just do the sum of ur two digit number and place it between ur two...

Digestion
We always need the energy to do any kind of work. In fact, all living organisms do need energy. But, where does this energy come from?Yes, the food that we eat. Now how is the food that we eat converted...
P

Priyadarshini N.

0 0
0


What is Sociology?
Sociology is a critical social science concerned with the study of society and human behaviour and relationships. Auguste Comte was the first to develop the concept of Sociology....
S

Shreya C.

0 0
0
X

Looking for Tuition Classes?

The best tutors for Tuition Classes are on UrbanPro

  • Select the best Tutor
  • Book & Attend a Free Demo
  • Pay and start Learning

Take Tuition with the Best Tutors

The best Tutors for Tuition Classes are on UrbanPro

This website uses cookies

We use cookies to improve user experience. Choose what cookies you allow us to use. You can read more about our Cookie Policy in our Privacy Policy

Accept All
Decline All

UrbanPro.com is India's largest network of most trusted tutors and institutes. Over 55 lakh students rely on UrbanPro.com, to fulfill their learning requirements across 1,000+ categories. Using UrbanPro.com, parents, and students can compare multiple Tutors and Institutes and choose the one that best suits their requirements. More than 7.5 lakh verified Tutors and Institutes are helping millions of students every day and growing their tutoring business on UrbanPro.com. Whether you are looking for a tutor to learn mathematics, a German language trainer to brush up your German language skills or an institute to upgrade your IT skills, we have got the best selection of Tutors and Training Institutes for you. Read more