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Post a LessonAnswered on 21 Feb Learn CBSE/Class 8/Science/Reproduction in Animals
Sadika
Metamorphosis is a biological process undergone by certain organisms during their life cycle, involving distinct changes in form, structure, and physiology as they transition from one developmental stage to another. Metamorphosis is particularly common among insects, amphibians, and some other groups of animals. The process typically involves distinct stages, often including larval, pupal, and adult phases, each with its own specialized morphology and behavior. There are two primary types of metamorphosis:
Complete Metamorphosis (Holometabolism):
Incomplete Metamorphosis (Hemimetabolism):
Metamorphosis allows organisms to exploit different ecological niches and adapt to diverse environments throughout their life cycles. It enables specialization of body structures and behaviors for specific functions, such as feeding, growth, reproduction, and dispersal. By undergoing metamorphosis, organisms can optimize their survival and reproductive success in changing environmental conditions, enhancing their evolutionary fitness and ecological resilience.
Answered on 21 Feb Learn CBSE/Class 8/Science/Reproduction in Animals
Sadika
Fertilization is the process in reproduction where male and female gametes (reproductive cells) fuse to form a zygote, which eventually develops into a new individual. In most organisms, fertilization involves the fusion of a sperm cell (male gamete) with an egg cell (female gamete), resulting in the formation of a diploid zygote with a complete set of chromosomes. Fertilization typically occurs following the fusion of gametes during intercourse or reproductive interactions.
Examples of fertilization in different organisms include:
Humans: In humans, fertilization occurs when a sperm cell from the male reproductive system (produced in the testes) fuses with an egg cell (ovum) from the female reproductive system (released from the ovary during ovulation) in the fallopian tube. The fusion of sperm and egg forms a zygote, which undergoes further development and implantation in the uterus, leading to pregnancy.
Plants: In flowering plants, fertilization involves the fusion of a pollen grain (carrying male gametes) with an ovule (containing female gametes) within the ovary of a flower. Pollination, the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organ (stamen) to the female reproductive organ (pistil) of a flower, precedes fertilization. Once a pollen grain reaches the stigma of a compatible flower, it germinates and forms a pollen tube, through which sperm cells travel to the ovule for fertilization.
Fish: In many fish species, external fertilization occurs where female fish release eggs (ova) into the water, and male fish release sperm (milt) to fertilize the eggs externally. The sperm and eggs meet in the water column, and fertilization occurs externally. This is common in fish species such as salmon and trout.
Frogs: Amphibians like frogs typically undergo external fertilization. During mating, a male frog releases sperm (in the form of sperm packets called spermatophores) onto the eggs released by the female frog. Fertilization occurs externally, often in water bodies like ponds or streams where the eggs are laid.
Invertebrates: Many invertebrates, including sea urchins, insects, and some marine invertebrates, undergo internal fertilization. In these organisms, sperm is deposited directly into the female's reproductive tract, where it fertilizes the eggs.
These examples demonstrate the diversity of fertilization processes across different organisms, each adapted to suit the reproductive strategies and environmental conditions of the species involved.
Answered on 21 Feb Learn CBSE/Class 8/Science/Reproduction in Animals
Sadika
The two primary modes of reproduction in organisms are amphimixis reproduction and agamogenetic reproduction. Here's an explanation of each:
amphimixis Reproduction:
agamogenetic Reproduction:
Both agamogenetic and amphimixis reproduction have advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of reproductive strategy depends on factors such as environmental conditions, evolutionary pressures, and ecological constraints faced by different organisms.
Answered on 02 Feb Learn CBSE/Class 8/Science/Reproduction in Animals
Pooja R. Jain
Answered on 02 Feb Learn CBSE/Class 8/Science/Reproduction in Animals
Pooja R. Jain
A male gamete is a reproductive cell produced by a male organism, specifically for reproduction. In humans and many other organisms, the male gamete is called a sperm cell. Sperm cells are typically small, motile cells that are specialized for fertilizing the female gamete, which is an egg or ovum. Duringreproduction, the male gamete (sperm) fertilizes the female gamete (egg) to form a zygote, which eventually develops into a new organism.
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