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Q5(ii):
Draw the labelled diagram of the following: (ii) V.S. of maize seed
Solution :
Anatomical Composition of a Maize Grain (Caryopsis)
The maize grain is botanically classified as a caryopsis, a type of fruit where the pericarp (fruit wall) is fused with the seed coat (testa). Structurally, it is divided into two primary regions: the larger, nutrient-rich endosperm and the smaller embryo.
Structural Components and Definitions
- Pericarp: The outer protective layer formed by the fusion of the fruit wall and the seed coat.
- Aleurone Layer: A protein-rich outer layer of the endosperm that secretes enzymes during germination.
- Endosperm: The bulk of the seed, storing starch as a primary energy source [Per botanical storage tissue definition].
- Scutellum: A highly modified, shield-shaped cotyledon that functions in the absorption of nutrients from the endosperm.
- Coleoptile: A protective sheath covering the plumule (embryonic shoot).
- Coleorhiza: A protective sheath covering the radicle (embryonic root).
Visual Representation of V.S. Maize Seed
Sequential Analysis of Germination Dynamics
| Structure | Function |
|---|---|
| Scutellum | Facilitates enzymatic digestion of endosperm reserves via hormone secretion [Reference: Gibberellin signaling pathways]. |
| Coleoptile | Protects the plumule as it pushes through the soil during early seedling emergence. |
| Coleorhiza | Acts as a protective sleeve for the emerging radicle to ensure structural integrity during penetration. |
Final Solution: The V.S. of a maize seed represents a monocotyledonous caryopsis, characterized by a singular large scutellum, a starchy endosperm protected by an aleurone layer, and distinct embryonic axes (plumule and radicle) encapsulated by protective coleoptile and coleorhiza structures respectively.
More Questions from Class 11 Biology Morphology of Flowering Plants EXERCISES
- Q1: How is a pinnately compound leaf different from a palmately compound leaf?
- Q2: Explain with suitable examples the different types of phyllotaxy.
- Q3(a): Define the following terms: (a) aestivation
- Q3(b): Define the following terms: (b) placentation
- Q3(c): Define the following terms: (c) actinomorphic
- Q3(d): Define the following terms: (d) zygomorphic
- Q3(e): Define the following terms: (e) superior ovary
- Q3(f): Define the following terms: (f) perigynous flower
- Q3(g): Define the following terms: (g) epipetalous stamen
- Q4(a): Differentiate between (a) Racemose and cymose inflorescence
- Q4(b): Differentiate between (b) Apocarpous and syncarpous ovary
- Q5(i): Draw the labelled diagram of the following: (i) gram seed
- Q6: Take one flower of the family Solanaceae and write its semi-technical description. Also draw their floral diagram.
- Q7: Describe the various types of placentations found in flowering plants.
- Q8: What is a flower? Describe the parts of a typical angiosperm flower.
- Q9: Define the term inflorescence. Explain the basis for the different types inflorescence in flowering plants.
- Q10: Describe the arrangement of floral members in relation to their insertion on thalamus.
CBSE Solutions for Class 11 Biology Morphology of Flowering Plants
Chapters in CBSE - Class 11 Biology
- The Living World
- Biological Classification
- Plant Kingdom
- Animal Kingdom
- Anatomy of Flowering Plants
- Structural Organisation in Animals
- Cell – The Unit of Life
- Biomolecules
- Cell Cycle and Division
- Transport in Plants
- Mineral Nutrition
- Photosynthesis
- Respiration in Plants
- Plant Growth and Development
- Digestion and Absorption
- Breathing and Exchange of Gases
- Body Fluids and Circulation
- Excretory Products and Elimination
- Locomotion and Movement
- Neural Control and Coordination
- Chemical Coordination and Integration
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