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In highly organized plants, vascular tissues (Xylem and Phloem) are the main components of transportation system. In general, xylem carries the water and minerals from roots to the aerial parts of the plants, whereas phloem carries food from leaves to other parts of the plants.
Xylem are lignified tissues and are characterized by tracheids and vessels. Evaporation of water from leaves (transpiration) creates a suction or pull that enables xylem to pull water from roots.
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The complex transport system involved in the transportation of materials inside the plant include vascular tissues.Vascular tissues comprise of xylem and phloem.
Xylem: This tissue helps in the transport of water and dissolved substances throughout the plant. The different components of the xylem include tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres. Tracheids and xylem fibres are made up of lignin, which provides mechanical support to the plant.
Phloem: This tissue helps in the transport of food throughout the plant. The different elements of phloem include sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres.
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