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Illustrate a glycosidic, peptide, and a phospho- diester bond.

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Glycosidic Bond: A glycosidic bond is a covalent bond that joins two monosaccharide molecules, forming a disaccharide or a polysaccharide. Here's an illustration: O H O || | || H-O-C-C-O-H + H-O-C-C-O-H → H-O-C-C-O-C-C-O-H + H2O | ...
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Glycosidic Bond: A glycosidic bond is a covalent bond that joins two monosaccharide molecules, forming a disaccharide or a polysaccharide. Here's an illustration: O H O || | || H-O-C-C-O-H + H-O-C-C-O-H → H-O-C-C-O-C-C-O-H + H2O | | | H OH H Glucose Glucose Glycosidic Bond In the illustration, two glucose molecules undergo a condensation reaction, resulting in the formation of a glycosidic bond between them. Water (H2O) is released as a byproduct. Peptide Bond: A peptide bond is a covalent bond that joins two amino acid molecules, forming a peptide or a protein chain. Here's an illustration: H O | ||H-N-C-C-O-H + H-N-C-C-O-H → H-N-C-C-O-C-N-H + H2O | | | H R H Amino Acid Amino Acid Peptide Bond In the illustration, two amino acid molecules undergo a condensation reaction, resulting in the formation of a peptide bond between the carboxyl group (-COOH) of one amino acid and the amino group (-NH2) of the other amino acid. Water (H2O) is released as a byproduct. Phosphodiester Bond: A phosphodiester bond is a covalent bond that joins two nucleotide molecules in nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. Here's an illustration: O P O | || |H-O-C-C-C-OH + H-O-C-C-C-OH → H-O-C-C-C-O-P-O-C-C-OH + H2O | | | OH OH OH Nucleotide Nucleotide Phosphodiester Bond In the illustration, two nucleotide molecules undergo a condensation reaction, resulting in the formation of a phosphodiester bond between the phosphate group (-PO4) of one nucleotide and the hydroxyl group (-OH) of the other nucleotide. Water (H2O) is released as a byproduct. These illustrations demonstrate the formation of glycosidic, peptide, and phosphodiester bonds through condensation reactions, leading to the synthesis of larger macromolecules. read less
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