What Is the Difference Between Function And Subroutine?

The difference is indeed very thin and it depends on the context. In general Function is a piece of code with a name, inputs (arguments) and an output (return types). That is function should always return. Some programming languages are there which uniquely maps inputs to the corresponding outputs. But surely C is not such.  There is also a convention (but not a very strict one) that a function should not change any global variable. In C language, a function is always a realistic part of the code.

Subroutine is just a piece of any sorts of code with a definite entry and exit point. It should not return anything and a subroutine can always change global variables. These are generally used for conceptual purposes like in psudocodes.