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Lesson Posted on 05/07/2017 Exam Coaching/CA Coaching Exam Coaching/ICWA Coaching Exam Coaching/Company Secratary (CS) Coaching
Why GST May Boost Gold Smuggling, Illegal Jewellery Sales?
Ca Prashanth Reddy
I enjoy teaching and interacting with students. Teaching is my passion, profession and hobby. Every student...
Mumbai: A hike in taxes on gold under GST (Goods and Services Tax) could stoke under-the-counter buying and drive up appetite for precious metal smuggled into the country, where millions of people store big chunks of their wealth in bullion and jewellery.
As part of a new nationwide tax regime that kicked in on July 1, the GST on gold has jumped to 3 per cent from 1.2 per cent previously, with traders and buyers saying the move will likely force more transactions into the black market.
"Three per cent is too much. I preferred to buy without receipts. The jeweller did not have any problem," said a middle-aged buyer, who declined to be identified after making purchases on Monday at the country's biggest bullion market, Zaveri Bazaar in Mumbai.
Smaller shops could be more inclined to sell without receipts, potentially hitting sales at big jewellers that keep to the rules, said Harshad Ajmera, the proprietor of JJ Gold House, a wholesaler in the eastern Indian city Kolkata.
"Just to save 1 per cent, some customers were earlier buying gold without receipts. With the 3 per cent GST, now many more will be tempted to make unofficial purchases from small jewellers," Ajmera said.
The tax hike could also encourage more smuggling into the world's second biggest gold consumer, which buys almost all its bullion abroad. Gold smuggling has been rife since India raised import duties on the metal to 10 per cent in a series of hikes to August 2013, looking to curb demand to narrow a gaping current account deficit
The World Gold Council estimates smuggling networks imported up to 120 tonnes of gold into India in 2016.
Lesson Posted on 04/07/2017 Exam Coaching/CA Coaching Exam Coaching/ICWA Coaching Exam Coaching/Company Secratary (CS) Coaching
Ca Prashanth Reddy
I enjoy teaching and interacting with students. Teaching is my passion, profession and hobby. Every student...
Everyone who earns or gets an income in India is subject to income tax. (Yes, Indians living abroad too). Your income could be salary, pension or could be from a savings account that’s quietly accumulating a 4% interest. Even, winners of ‘Kaun Banega Crorepati’ have to pay tax on their prize money.
For simpler classification, the Income Tax Department breaks down income into five heads:
Income from Salary | Income from salary and pension are covered under here |
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Income from House Property | This is rental income mostly |
Income from Capital Gains | Income from sale of a capital asset such as mutual funds, shares, house property, agricultural land |
Income from Business and Profession | This is when you are self-employed, work as a freelancer or contractor, or you run a business. Life insurance agents, doctors and lawyers who have their own practice, tuition teachers, |
Income from Other Sources | Income from savings bank account interest, fixed deposits, winning KBC |
Lesson Posted on 01/07/2017 Exam Coaching/ACCA Exam Coaching Tuition/BBA Tuition Tuition/BCom Tuition
TDS TCS For AY 2018-19 (FY 2017-18)
Ca Prashanth Reddy
I enjoy teaching and interacting with students. Teaching is my passion, profession and hobby. Every student...
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Lesson Posted on 28/06/2017 Financial Planning/Taxation Tuition/BCom Tuition
Set-off And Carry Forward Of Business Losses
Ramasamy
Set-off & Carry Forward Of Business Losses:
Set-Off means adjustment of certain losses against the income under other sources in the same assessment year. Carrying Forward of unadjusted losses to be set-off in subsequent years is called Carry Forward.
How to adjust Business Losses?
If there is a loss in the business, the same can be adjusted against profits made in any other business of the same tax payer. The Loss, if any, still remaining, can be adjusted against Income from any other source.
From A/Y 2005-2006 loss from Business cannot be set off against Salary Income.
However, Loss sustained in speculative business can be adjusted only against profits earned in another speculative business.
Business Loss can be carried forward for a maximum period of next 8 (Eight) Assessment Years and adjusted against Business Profit of the subsequent years.
Unabsorbed Depreciation can be Set-Off even if Business/Profession is discontinued and can be carried forward for unlimited number of years.
However, for claiming the benefit of carry forward of losses, the tax payer has to invariably file his returns within due date.
Lesson Posted on 28/06/2017 Financial Planning/Taxation Tuition/BCom Tuition
Taxability Of Perquisites For Computing Salary Income
Ramasamy
Taxability Of Perquisites:
Categories & Types Of Perks Perks can be divided into three categories:
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Lesson Posted on 28/06/2017 Financial Planning/Taxation Tuition/BCom Tuition
Allowances [Section 17(3)]: For Computing Salary Income
Ramasamy
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Meaning and Tax Treatment of Allowances for Computing Salary Income
The term allowance has been derived from the word ‘to allow’. As per Oxford Dictionary the word ‘Allowance’ means “any amount or sum allowed regularly”. As such allowances are given in cash along with salary by the employer. These allowances are given to an employee to meet some specific type of loss or expenditure of the employee or to help him to meet certain type of expenses. For example, house rent allowance is given to help the employee to pay house rent or to get a house on rent. These are divided into three categories on the basis of their tax treatment. These are : Tax Treatment of Allowances for Computing Salary Income
Note. An allowance which is neither covered under category A (Fully exempted) or category C (Partly taxable) shall always be fully taxable as salary income. |
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Lesson Posted on 28/06/2017 Financial Planning/Taxation Tuition/BCom Tuition
Important Points / Characteristics For Computing Salary Income
Ramasamy
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For any payment to be made taxable under the head ‘Salaries’ it must fulfill the following characteristics. In case any receipt is not covered under any of these features it will not come under this head 1. Relationship of Employer and Employee: For a payment to fall under the head ‘Salaries’ the relationship of employer and emplqyee must exist between payee and the receiver of the salary. The employer may be a Government,\. a Local authority, a company or any other public body or an Association or H.U.F. or even an individual. Every kind of payment to every kind of servant, public or private, however high or low placed he may be, is covered under the provisions of this Act. Even the remuneration payable to an employee of a foreign Govt. falls within this section. Even servant is an employee, but an agent may or may not be employee. A detailing agent of a selling concern is its employee whereas the person holding an agency to sell the goods of such a concern will not be employee. The relationship of master and servant is the only test to establish the relationship of employer and employee. A director of a company, though holding an office, is not an. employee unless it is so provided in the independent contract, or the Articles of Association of the company provide for such a relationship. 2. Salary from more than one Employer: Any amount of salary received or due from one or more than one employer/source shall be taxable under this head. Such situation may arise when an employee is working with two employers simultaneously or has worked with one employer and later on serves with another employer after leaving service with, first employer, salary from both the employers shall be taxable under this head. 3. Salary from Present, Past or Prospective Employer: Salary received or due from present, past or future employer is also taxable under this head. 4. Tax Free Salary: Sometimes, the employer allows an employee to draw tax-free salary, e.g., the employer pays full salary to the employee and also pays tax on this directly to the department. The employee’s assessment is to be made not on the amount of salary he is drawing but on gross amount i.e., salary drawn plus the tax paid by the employer. 5. Salary Received as Member of Parliament: Salary received by a member of Parliament is not taxable under the head ‘Salaries’. It is taxable as income from other sources’. Any allowance received by them is fully exempted from tax. 6. Receipts from Persons other than Employer: Perquisites or benefits or any other remuneration received from persons other than the employer, would be taxable not under the head ‘Salaries’ but under the head ‘income from other sources’ even if they accrue to the employee by reason of his employment or while he was discharging his normal duties, e.g., amount received by a professor of a college for acting as an examiner in a university. For example, Dr. Dhir is an employee of a leading physician of Delhi. In one case, the patient’s life was saved because of the hard work and intelligence of Dr. Dhir. The patient, therefore, gives 5,000 to Dr. Dhir in appreciation of his services. The amount in this case is not chargeable as ‘salary’ but constitutes income from other sources. 7. Place of Accrual of Salary Income: Salary accrues at that place where the services are rendered. If the services are rendered in India, the salary accrues in India and if the services are rendered outside India, the salary accrues outside India. Thus, if a person employed in India goes on leave to England and gets his leave salary there, the salary is said to accrue in India and not in England, because it is paid for services rendered in India. Pension paid in a foreign country for services rendered in India, will be Indian income, as it is paid for the services rendered in India although in the past. On the other hand, if any person is employed in India and transferred to its branch in England, the salary received by him in England is not Indian income, but it is income arising in England as the service is rendered in England. Followings are the two exceptions to this rule
8. Deductions made by the Employer: If, an employer makes certain deductions out of the salary payable to an employee, amount so deducted is deemed to be received by the employee and the amount so deducted is also taken as application of income by the employee. Some important types of deductions made by the employer are as follows : 1. Deductions made to recover the loan advanced by the employer. 2. Employee’s contribution towards the provident fund, income-tax and profession tax. 3. Deduction made to pay the premium on life insurance policy of the employee. 4. Any other deduction for which the employee has authorised the employer. In case an employee receives his salary after certain deductions made by employer on account of profession tax, contribution to provident fund, tax deducted at source, the ‘salary’ will not be the net amount received, rather it will be the gross salary due to the employee. 9. Salary or Pension received by UNO Employees: It is fully exempted as per circular No. 293 Dt. 10-2-81. 10. Salary received by a teacherlresearcher from a SAARC member State: Exempted upto 2 years. 11. Salary as Partner: Any salary, commission or remuneration received by a working partner from a firm assessed as firm shall not be taxable under the head ‘Salaries’. It is taxable under the head Profits & Gains. 12. Payments received by Legal Heirs of a Deceased Employee: Any ex-gratia payment or compensation given to widow or legal heirs of an employee who dies during service is not taxable as salary income but family pension received is taxable under ‘other sources’. 13. Payment made after Cessation of Employment; Payment made by an employer to his employee after the cessation of his employment is also taxable under the head ‘Salaries’. It is taxable under this head because it represents remuneration for services rendered in the past. 14. Voluntary foregoing : Application of Salary: Voluntary foregoing of salary by an employee is simply an application of income by him and, therefore, any voluntary foregoing of salary is taxable when it is due, whether paid or not (Section 15). The salary which is voluntarily foregone must be actually due in the name of the employee. Voluntary foregoing is different from voluntary surrender of salaries which is exempted from tax. 15. Previous year for Salaries: The previous year for the income under the head ‘Salaries’ shall always be financial year of the Government of India (i.e., April to March). 16. Taxability of salary on due or receipt, whichever is earlier basis: U/s 15(a) salary is taxable on due basis whether received or not. Salary becomes due after doing work and in India it is due on monthly basis. Every employee gets salary on completion of a month. As per our financial system the year starts on 1St April and ends on 31st March. As such first salary for the month of April becomes due on 1st day of next month. But in some cases salary becomes due On the last day of the month and salary for the month of April shall be due on 30th April. This results into following two situations :
17. Salary Grade / Pay Scale: In some organisations like Government offices, Banks, Post Offices, Railways, Universities, Colleges etc. salary to employees is paid as per pay scales or salary grades. The pay sc,les fixes the starting salary of an employee and also the annual increment in future years of employment. The annual increment is granted to employee after completion of one full year of service e.g. if an employee joins his service/job on 1st September 2010, he will be granted 1st annual increment w.e.f. 1st September 2011. Example of Grade/Pay Scale: Rs 8,000-Rs 300- Rs 11,000 The amount mentioned in between two big amounts is known as annual increment i.e. the salary of employee will increase by this amount on the completion of every 12 month of his job. Example. Mr. A joined his job on 1st September 2009 in the grade of Rs 12,000- Rs 500- Rs 20,000. Find out his salary for the previous year 2013-14. 18. Advance salary received: In case an assessee receives some salary in advance in a previous year which was actually not due in that year, it shall be taxable in the year of receipt. In case, any loan or advance is taken it is not treated as advance salary. 19. Arrears of salary received: Any amount of salary received from present or past employer during relevant previous year and which relates to some earlier previous years, is treated as arrears of salary. It is taxable in the year in which received and not the year to which it belongs. [C.I.T. v. Gajapathy Naidu (1964) 58 I.T.R., 114 (S.C.)]. In case assessee has to pay tax at a rate higher than that at which he would have paid, had these arrears been received in the year to which they belong, assessee can apply to Income-tax Officer for relief u/s 89(1) 20. Salary in Lieu of notice: To terminate the services of an employee it is essential to serve a notice as per service agreement. In case it is desired to relieve the employee immediately, he is given salary in lieu of such notice period. Such amount is fully taxable under the head ‘salaries’ on receipt basis. |
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Lesson Posted on 28/06/2017 Financial Planning/Taxation Tuition/BCom Tuition
Rules Regarding Calculation Of Value Of 'Rent Free House' For Computing Salary Income
Ramasamy
I- For Unfurnished Accommodation (A) Owned by employer (a) Govt. Employees. The value of house is rent fixed [license feel by the govt. for such house. It can be rent charged by Govt. from another employee of same status for similar type of house. Market rental value of this type of accommodation is not taken into account and hence ignored. (b) Other employees. Value of house to be taxed is calculated in following manner :
B. Hired by employer : 15% of Salary or Actual rent paid or payable by employer which ever is less is taxable in all cities. II - For furnished accommodation In case of all types of employees calculate value of unfinished house. If furniture is owned by employer add 10% p.a. of cost of furniture. If furniture is hired actual hire charges paid or payable by employer are added. The term ‘furniture’ includes usual items of furniture like sofas, beds, chairs, tables and other household appliances. It also includes modem electrical appliances like television, radio, refrigerator, air conditioner, geyser, etc. |
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Lesson Posted on 28/03/2017 Functional Training/Finance Training Financial Planning/Taxation
Finance training - Income tax, TDS etc
Sandeep Kumar S.
Currently working as an Assistant professor (Finance)- in RNB Global University Bikaner. Worked as...
Dear All,
Its quite easy to obtain theoretical knowledge by study, lecture, discussion and other mediums. But the way, we really incorporate the same in actual pictures, is quite different. We have to obtian the scenario in current market practice. For that one has to get exposure in profeeeional manner.
Here the training modules in taxation field is drafted and incorporated, so as to achieve some drastic change not only in knowledge, but also in attitude and skill.
The training part includes- Theoretical summerised knowledge, computation and assessment part, Payment, challan generation, filing of return, tax planning, individual assessment, corporate assessment etc.
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Lesson Posted on 17/02/2017 Exam Coaching/CA Coaching Tuition/BCom Tuition Financial Planning/Taxation
Smit shah
I have completed CA n CS and have been in teaching since my 12th standard. Teaching was a hobby while...
Income Tax,
Many of the teacher teach the subject but they do not make the student understand the purpose behind this subject. The main aim of this subject is to calculate your income that is earned in a year instead of how to calculate and pay tax.
If you do not know how to calculate your income on which tax will be levied and suppose if you calculate income which is not taxable, you will end up paying excess tax. Also if you calculate your income on the lower side, it is possible that you might get a notice from Income Tax Dept. for paying the balance tax along with interest and penalty. In both the above scenario, its a loss to the person paying tax.
The Income is classified under the following heads:
1) Income from Salaries
2) Income from House Property
3) Profits & gains from Business & Profession
4) Capital Gains Income
5) Income from Other Sources.
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