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Asked by Deepak Last Modified
Answer 
Sadika
In PHP, an abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated on its own and is meant to be subclassed by other classes. Abstract classes can have abstract methods, which are declared but not implemented in the abstract class. Subclasses that extend an abstract class must provide concrete implementations for all abstract methods.
Here are the key features of abstract classes in PHP:
Cannot be Instantiated:
May Contain Abstract Methods:
May Contain Concrete Methods:
Designed for Inheritance:
Abstract Methods Must be Implemented:
Here's an example of an abstract class in PHP:
abstract class Shape { abstract public function calculateArea(); // Abstract method without implementation public function displayArea() { echo "Area: " . $this->calculateArea() . PHP_EOL; } } class Circle extends Shape { private $radius; public function __construct($radius) { $this->radius = $radius; } public function calculateArea() { return pi() * pow($this->radius, 2); } } // Usage $circle = new Circle(5); $circle->displayArea(); In this example, Shape is an abstract class with an abstract method calculateArea(). The Circle class extends the Shape class and provides a concrete implementation for the calculateArea() method. The displayArea() method in the Shape class uses the abstract calculateArea() method to display the area of the shape.
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