SCIENCE CLASS

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Everything around us, such as air, water, soil, plants, and animals, is made of matter. Matter is made up of very tiny particles called molecules or atoms. These particles are extremely small, have spaces between them, and are constantly moving. Because of this movement, matter shows properties like diffusion and changes in shape.

Matter exists mainly in three physical states: solid, liquid, and gas. Solids have a fixed shape and volume because their particles are tightly packed. Liquids have a fixed volume but no fixed shape and take the shape of their container. Gases have neither fixed shape nor fixed volume because their particles move freely.

Changes in temperature and pressure can change the state of matter. For example, ice melts into water and water evaporates into steam. This shows that matter can change its state due to changes in energy.