We cover python, Mysql and basic computer fundamentals. All python chapters like: character set , Tokens , Dynamic typing, Control statements , Loops, String , List, Tuple, dictionary , Set, Function, Data structures , Files, connection of mysql with python etc.
In my sql you study dml , ddl, tcl etc with queries and more codes.
MySQL database notes for Class 12 typically cover fundamental database concepts and Structured Query Language (SQL) as applied within the MySQL environment.
Key Concepts:
- Database Fundamentals:
- Database: An organized collection of interrelated data.
- DBMS (Database Management System): Software for managing databases (e.g., MySQL).
- RDBMS (Relational Database Management System): A type of DBMS where data is organized into tables (relations).
- Tables (Relations): Basic units of storage, composed of rows and columns.
- Rows (Tuples/Records): Individual entries in a table.
- Columns (Attributes/Fields): Define the type of data stored in a table.
- Database: An organized collection of interrelated data.
- Keys:
- Primary Key: Uniquely identifies each row in a table; cannot be NULL or duplicated.
- Candidate Key: Any attribute or set of attributes that can uniquely identify a row.
- Alternate Key: A candidate key that is not chosen as the primary key.
- Foreign Key: A column in one table that refers to the primary key of another table, establishing relationships.
- Primary Key: Uniquely identifies each row in a table; cannot be NULL or duplicated.
- Data Integrity:Concepts like data redundancy (duplication) and data inconsistency (mismatched data).
SQL Commands (Structured Query Language):
- DDL (Data Definition Language):Used for defining database structures.
CREATE DATABASE: To create a new database.CREATE TABLE: To create a new table with specified columns and data types.ALTER TABLE: To modify table structure (add/delete columns, change data types).DROP TABLE: To delete a table.
- DML (Data Manipulation Language):Used for manipulating data within tables.
INSERT INTO: To add new rows to a table.SELECT: To retrieve data from tables, including use ofWHEREclause for filtering,ORDER BYfor sorting, and aggregate functions (e.g.,COUNT,SUM,AVG,MIN,MAX).UPDATE: To modify existing data in a table.DELETE FROM: To remove rows from a table.
- Constraints:Rules applied to columns to maintain data integrity (e.g.,
NOT NULL,UNIQUE,PRIMARY KEY,FOREIGN KEY). - MySQL Data Types:Understanding various data types for numbers (e.g.,
INT,FLOAT), strings (e.g.,VARCHAR,CHAR), and dates/times.
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