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Class 10 Maths – Trigonometry (Zero to Top Level)

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Course offered by Ajay Yadav

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  • Duration: 1 Hours
  • समय अवधि: 1 घंटे
  • Topic: Trigonometry – from Basic to Advanced Concepts
  • विषय: त्रिकोणमिति – बेसिक से एडवांस कॉन्सेप्ट तक
  • Focus: Clear understanding with real-life examples
  • फोकस: आसान भाषा और वास्तविक उदाहरणों के साथ समझ
  • Guarantee: 100% clarity for every student
  • गारंटी: हर छात्र को 100% समझ आएगा
  • Outcome: Strong Trigonometry foundation + better exam performance
  • परिणाम: त्रिकोणमिति की मजबूत पकड़ और अच्छे परीक्षा अंक

 

1. Introduction to Trigonometry (त्रिकोणमिति का परिचय)

This is the base chapter where all concepts start.

(A) Understanding Trigonometric Ratios (त्रिकोणमितीय अनुपातों को समझना)

  • Definition of Trigonometric Ratios (sine, cosine, tangent, cosecant, secant, cotangent)

  • Relation between sides of a right-angled triangle (Base, Perpendicular, Hypotenuse)

  • sin θ = Perpendicular / Hypotenuse

  • cos θ = Base / Hypotenuse

  • tan θ = Perpendicular / Base

  • cosec θ = 1 / sin θ

  • sec θ = 1 / cos θ

  • cot θ = 1 / tan θ

📘 Hindi Explanation:

  • त्रिकोणमितीय अनुपातों के छह प्रकार होते हैं — sin, cos, tan, cosec, sec, cot

  • ये एक समकोण त्रिभुज की भुजाओं के अनुपात पर आधारित होते हैं।

  • sin θ = लम्ब / कर्ण

  • cos θ = आधार / कर्ण

  • tan θ = लम्ब / आधार

  • cosec θ = 1/sin θ

  • sec θ = 1/cos θ

  • cot θ = 1/tan θ


(B) Trigonometric Ratios of Specific Angles (विशिष्ट कोणों के त्रिकोणमितीय अनुपात)

  • Values of sin, cos, tan, cosec, sec, cot for:
    0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°

  • Tricks to remember these values (using triangle method or pattern method).

📘 Hindi Explanation:

  • कोण 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90° के लिए त्रिकोणमितीय अनुपातों के मान याद रखना बहुत ज़रूरी है।

  • उदाहरण:
    sin 0° = 0, sin 30° = 1/2, sin 45° = 1/√2, sin 60° = √3/2, sin 90° = 1
    cos 0° = 1, cos 30° = √3/2, cos 45° = 1/√2, cos 60° = 1/2, cos 90° = 0


(C) Trigonometric Ratios of Complementary Angles (पूरक कोणों के त्रिकोणमितीय अनुपात)

  • Relation between complementary angles:
    sin (90° – θ) = cos θ
    cos (90° – θ) = sin θ
    tan (90° – θ) = cot θ
    cot (90° – θ) = tan θ
    sec (90° – θ) = cosec θ
    cosec (90° – θ) = sec θ

📘 Hindi Explanation:

  • जब दो कोणों का योग 90° होता है तो उन्हें पूरक कोण (Complementary Angles) कहते हैं।

  • उनके अनुपातों का संबंध ऊपर दिए गए सूत्रों के अनुसार बदल जाता है।


(D) Trigonometric Identities (त्रिकोणमितीय पहचानें)

  • Very important part of this chapter.

  • These are basic formulas used in all trigonometric problems.

    1. sin²θ + cos²θ = 1

    2. 1 + tan²θ = sec²θ

    3. 1 + cot²θ = cosec²θ

📘 Hindi Explanation:

  • त्रिकोणमितीय पहचानें (Identities) वे सूत्र हैं जो हर कोण के लिए सही होते हैं।
    1️⃣ sin²θ + cos²θ = 1
    2️⃣ 1 + tan²θ = sec²θ
    3️⃣ 1 + cot²θ = cosec²θ

  • इन पहचान सूत्रों का उपयोग सवाल हल करने और रूपांतरण (simplify/transform) में किया जाता है।


2. Applications of Trigonometry (त्रिकोणमिति के अनुप्रयोग)

This chapter applies all the above formulas to real-life problems.

(A) Heights and Distances (ऊँचाई और दूरी)

  • Angle of Elevation (उद्वेशन कोण): जब हम किसी ऊँची वस्तु को ऊपर देखकर मापते हैं।

  • Angle of Depression (अवनमन कोण): जब हम ऊपर से नीचे किसी वस्तु को देखते हैं।

  • Use of right triangle to find unknown heights or distances using sin, cos, tan.

📘 Examples:
1️⃣ Finding height of a tree or building using shadow length.
2️⃣ Finding distance of a boat from a lighthouse.
3️⃣ Finding width of a river using angles from both sides.


3. Additional Practice Concepts (अतिरिक्त अभ्यास विषय)

  • Trigonometric values for angles beyond 90° (optional for basic level).

  • Relation between trigonometric ratios of different quadrants (for deeper understanding).

  • Word problems based on combined use of trigonometric identities.


Final Learning Outcome (अंतिम सीखने का परिणाम)

By the end of Trigonometry, students will be able to:

  • Understand all six trigonometric ratios clearly.

  • Remember standard angle values easily.

  • Apply identities to solve mathematical questions.

  • Use trigonometry in real-life problems involving height and distance.

📘 Hindi Summary:
अध्याय के अंत तक छात्र:

  • सभी त्रिकोणमितीय अनुपातों को समझ सकेंगे।

  • 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90° के मान याद कर सकेंगे।

  • पहचान सूत्रों से सवाल हल कर सकेंगे।

  • वास्तविक जीवन की ऊँचाई और दूरी की समस्याओं को त्रिकोणमिति से हल कर सकेंगे।

About the Trainer

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Ajay Yadav

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5 Years of Experience

I have been teaching class 9-10 students offline for the last 5 years. Based on this experience, I understand how to teach any student. Currently, I am teaching offline for the children of Gulganj, Madhya Pradesh.

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