CCTV Camera Installation & Troubleshooting

Basics of IP CCTV Camera

• CCTV (Closed-Circuit Television): Traditional analog system, DVR-based.

• IP Camera (Internet Protocol Camera): Works on network, connects via LAN cables, records to NVR (Network Video Recorder) or server.

📌 Step 1: Pre-Installation Checklist

1. Camera Type: Dome, Bullet, PTZ (decide based on area).

2. NVR/DVR Selection: Choose NVR that matches number of cameras & storage requirement.

3. Storage: Calculate HDD size (days × cameras × resolution).

4. Networking Devices: POE Switch or normal switch + adapter.

5. Cables & Connectors: Cat6 (recommended), RJ45 connectors.

6. Power Source: POE or external adapter (12V DC).

📌 Step 2: Installation Process

1. Mount the Camera:

   • Fix dome/bullet cameras at required points.

   • Ensure coverage angle (avoid blind spots).

2. Cabling:

   • Run Cat6 cable from camera to POE switch or NVR.

   • Punch RJ45 connectors properly.

3. Power Supply:

   • If POE → single cable (power + data).

   • If non-POE → use 12V DC adapter.

4. Connect to NVR/Network:

   • Camera → Switch/POE → NVR/Laptop.

5. Configuration:

   • Assign static IP to each camera (avoid duplicates).

   • Add camera to NVR (via ONVIF protocol or IP add).

   • Set date/time, resolution, storage schedule.

📌 Step 3: Troubleshooting Guide

1. Camera Not Showing

• Check cable connectivity (test with LAN tester).

• Verify power supply (POE/adaptor working).

• Ping camera IP from PC.

• Reset camera if IP unknown.

2. No Video / Black Screen

• Check NVR input settings.

• Try lowering resolution (NVR may not support higher).

• Change browser/plugin (for PC access).

3. Network Issues

• Ensure all cameras are in the same IP range as NVR.

• Avoid duplicate IP addresses.

• Check bandwidth (too many cameras on 1 switch can lag).

4. Recording Problems

• Check HDD health in NVR.

• Confirm recording schedule enabled.

• Ensure storage not full (set overwrite option).

5. Poor Image Quality

• Clean lens.

• Adjust focus manually (if not auto).

• Increase resolution/frame rate in settings.

• Check lighting, add IR illuminator if needed.

📌 Step 4: Maintenance Tips

• Regularly clean camera lens.

• Check cable joints for loose/broken connectors.

• Update firmware of cameras/NVR.

• Replace faulty HDDs on time.

• Keep NVR in a ventilated, secure location.