Benzene and it Derivatives

All the basic description about benzene and it's derivatives. Basics of Kulule structure how the kekule structure was developed. Other classification of benzene structure. Uses of benzene. Benzene's molecular formula, C6H6 , suggests a high degree of unsaturation. ... When benzene reacts, it does so by substitution in which a hydrogen atom is replaced by another atom or a group of atoms. The term aromatic was originally used to classify benzene and its derivatives because many of them have distinctive odors. various structure of benzene. Chemical formula, molar mass,  density, boiling point, melting point.Many important chemical compounds are derived from benzene by replacing one or more of its hydrogen atoms with another functional group. Examples of simple benzene derivatives are phenol, toluene, and aniline, abbreviated PhOH, PhMe, and PhNH2, respectively. Linking benzene rings gives biphenyl, C6H5–C6H5. Further loss of hydrogen gives "fused" aromatic hydrocarbons, such as naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, and pyrene. The limit of the fusion process is the hydrogen-free allotrope of carbon, graphite.

In heterocycles, carbon atoms in the benzene ring are replaced with other elements. The most important variations contain nitrogen. Replacing one CH with N gives the compound pyridine, C5H5N.