Dna and its sequence

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in all living organisms, carrying genetic instructions essential for growth, development, functioning, and reproduction. Composed of nucleotide bases—adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine—DNA encodes the blueprint of life. Its double helix structure, discovered by Watson and Crick, allows precise replication and transmission of genetic information across generations.

DNA is fundamental to biological inheritance. It determines physical traits, governs cellular functions, and plays a crucial role in protein synthesis through transcription and translation. Beyond biology, DNA is vital in forensic science for identifying individuals, in medicine for diagnosing genetic disorders, and in biotechnology for innovations like genetic engineering and cloning.

In agriculture, DNA technology improves crop yields and resistance to pests. The Human Genome Project, a landmark in science, unlocked understanding of genes and diseases. Thus, DNA is not only a molecule of inheritance but a cornerstone of modern science and innovation.