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Q16(c):
In a hostel, 60% of the students read Hindi newspaper, 40% read English newspaper and 20% read both Hindi and English newspapers. A student is selected at random. (c) If she reads English newspaper, find the probability that she reads Hindi newspaper.

Solution :

Step 1: Definition of Events and Initial Data

Let $H$ be the event that a randomly selected student reads the Hindi newspaper, and $E$ be the event that the student reads the English newspaper. Based on the provided data, we establish the probabilities:

  • $P(H) = 0.60$
  • $P(E) = 0.40$
  • $P(H \cap E) = 0.20$

[By Definition of Marginal and Joint Probability in Sample Space $\Omega$]

Step 2: Identifying the Conditional Probability

The question requires the probability that the student reads the Hindi newspaper, given that she reads the English newspaper. Mathematically, this is denoted as $P(H|E)$.

[Per the Definition of Conditional Probability: $P(A|B) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(B)}$, where $P(B) > 0$]

Step 3: Execution of the Calculation

Substituting the known values into the formula:

$P(H|E) = \frac{P(H \cap E)}{P(E)}$

$P(H|E) = \frac{0.20}{0.40}$

$P(H|E) = \frac{2}{4} = 0.5$

Step 4: Venn Diagram Representation

H: 0.4 E: 0.2 0.2 Universal Set (Students)

Step 5: Analytical Interpretation

Conditional Probability Component Value
Target Event ($H \cap E$) 0.20
Given Condition ($E$) 0.40
Result ($P(H|E)$) 0.50

Final Solution: The probability that the student reads the Hindi newspaper given that she reads the English newspaper is 0.5 or 50%.


More Questions from Class 12 Mathematics Probability EXERCISE 13.2


CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Mathematics Probability


Chapters in CBSE - Class 12 Mathematics


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