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Q3:
If the sequence of one strand of DNA is written as follows:
5' -ATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGC-3'
Write down the sequence of complementary strand in 5'→3' direction.
Solution :
Step 1: Identifying the Polarity of the Given DNA Strand
The given sequence is provided as:
Template Strand ($S_1$): 5'- A T G C A T G C A T G C A T G C A T G C A T G C A T G C -3'
[Per the antiparallel nature of the DNA double helix, the complementary strand ($S_2$) must possess 3' to 5' orientation relative to $S_1$.]
Step 2: Applying Chargaff’s Base-Pairing Rules
According to the Watson-Crick base-pairing principle:
- Adenine ($A$) pairs with Thymine ($T$) via two hydrogen bonds.
- Thymine ($T$) pairs with Adenine ($A$) via two hydrogen bonds.
- Guanine ($G$) pairs with Cytosine ($C$) via three hydrogen bonds.
- Cytosine ($C$) pairs with Guanine ($G$) via three hydrogen bonds.
Step 3: Generating the Complementary Strand (3' to 5')
Aligning the nucleotides according to the pairing rules for the 3' to 5' strand:
Given 5': A T G C A T G C A T G C A T G C A T G C A T G C A T G C :3'
Comp 3': T A C G T A C G T A C G T A C G T A C G T A C G T A C G :5'
Step 4: Reorienting the Complementary Strand to 5' → 3'
The question requires the complementary strand to be written in the 5' → 3' direction. To achieve this, we reverse the sequence obtained in Step 3:
Original 3' → 5' sequence: $T-A-C-G-T-A-C-G-T-A-C-G-T-A-C-G-T-A-C-G-T-A-C-G-T-A-C-G$
Reversed 5' → 3' sequence: $G-C-A-T-G-C-A-T-G-C-A-T-G-C-A-T-G-C-A-T-G-C-A-T-G-C-A-T$
Visualization of Base Pairing
Final Solution: The complementary strand in the 5' → 3' direction is: 5'- GCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCAT -3'
More Questions from Class 12 Biology Molecular Basis of Inheritance EXERCISES
- Q1: Group the following as nitrogenous bases and nucleosides: Adenine, Cytidine, Thymine, Guanosine, Uracil and Cytosine.
- Q1: Group the following as nitrogenous bases and nucleosides: Adenine, Cytidine, Thymine, Guanosine, Uracil and Cytosine.
- Q2: If a double stranded DNA has 20 per cent of cytosine, calculate the per cent of adenine in the DNA.
- Q2: If a double stranded DNA has 20 per cent of cytosine, calculate the per cent of adenine in the DNA.
- Q3: If the sequence of one strand of DNA is written as follows: 5' -ATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGC-3' Write down the sequence of complementary strand in 5'\(\rightarrow\)3' direction.
- Q4: If the sequence of the coding strand in a transcription unit is written as follows: 5' -ATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGC-3' Write down the sequence of mRNA.
- Q4: If the sequence of the coding strand in a transcription unit is written as follows: 5' -ATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGC-3' Write down the sequence of mRNA.
- Q5: Which property of DNA double helix led Watson and Crick to hypothesise semi-conservative mode of DNA replication? Explain.
- Q5: Which property of DNA double helix led Watson and Crick to hypothesise semi-conservative mode of DNA replication? Explain.
- Q6: Depending upon the chemical nature of the template (DNA or RNA) and the nature of nucleic acids synthesised from it (DNA or RNA), list the types of nucleic acid polymerases.
- Q6: Depending upon the chemical nature of the template (DNA or RNA) and the nature of nucleic acids synthesised from it (DNA or RNA), list the types of nucleic acid polymerases.
- Q7: How did Hershey and Chase differentiate between DNA and protein in their experiment while proving that DNA is the genetic material?
- Q7: How did Hershey and Chase differentiate between DNA and protein in their experiment while proving that DNA is the genetic material?
- Q8(a): Differentiate between the followings: Repetitive DNA and Satellite DNA
- Q8(a): Differentiate between the followings: (a) Repetitive DNA and Satellite DNA
- Q8(b): Differentiate between the followings: mRNA and tRNA
- Q8(b): Differentiate between the followings: (b) mRNA and tRNA
- Q8(c): Differentiate between the followings: Template strand and Coding strand
- Q8(c): Differentiate between the followings: (c) Template strand and Coding strand
- Q9: List two essential roles of ribosome during translation.
- Q9: List two essential roles of ribosome during translation.
- Q10: In the medium where E. coli was growing, lactose was added, which induced the lac operon. Then, why does lac operon shut down some time after addition of lactose in the medium?
- Q10: In the medium where E. coli was growing, lactose was added, which induced the lac operon. Then, why does lac operon shut down some time after addition of lactose in the medium?
- Q11(a): Explain (in one or two lines) the function of the followings: (a) Promoter
- Q11(a): Explain (in one or two lines) the function of the followings: Promoter
- Q11(b): Explain (in one or two lines) the function of the followings: (b) tRNA
- Q11(b): Explain (in one or two lines) the function of the followings: tRNA
- Q11(c): Explain (in one or two lines) the function of the followings: (c) Exons
- Q11(c): Explain (in one or two lines) the function of the followings: Exons
- Q12: Why is the Human Genome project called a mega project?
- Q12: Why is the Human Genome project called a mega project?
- Q13: What is DNA fingerprinting? Mention its application.
- Q13: What is DNA fingerprinting? Mention its application.
- Q14(a): Briefly describe the following: (a) Transcription
- Q14(a): Briefly describe the following: Transcription
- Q14(b): Briefly describe the following: (b) Polymorphism
- Q14(b): Briefly describe the following: Polymorphism
- Q14(c): Briefly describe the following: (c) Translation
- Q14(c): Briefly describe the following: Translation
- Q14(d): Briefly describe the following: (d) Bioinformatics
- Q14(d): Briefly describe the following: Bioinformatics
CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Biology Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Chapters in CBSE - Class 12 Biology
- Reproduction in Organisms
- Human Reproduction
- Reproductive Health
- Principles of Inheritance and Variation
- Evolution
- Human Health and Disease
- Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
- Microbes in Human Welfare
- Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
- Biotechnology and Its Applications
- Organisms and Populations
- Ecosystem
- Biodiversity and Conservation
- Environmental Issues
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