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Q5.33(a):

A monkey of mass 40 kg climbs on a rope (Fig. 5.20) which can stand a maximum tension of 600 N. In which of the following cases will the rope break: the monkey (a) climbs up with an acceleration of $6 m s^{-2}$

Solution :

Step 1: Identifying Known Variables & Physical Parameters

To determine if the rope breaks, we must calculate the tension $T$ exerted on the rope by the monkey. The system is governed by Newton's Second Law of Motion.

  • Mass of the monkey ($m$): $40 \text{ kg}$
  • Acceleration due to gravity ($g$): Assume $9.8 \text{ m/s}^2$
  • Acceleration of the monkey ($a$): $6 \text{ m/s}^2$ (upward)
  • Maximum tension capacity of the rope ($T_{max}$): $600 \text{ N}$

Step 2: Free Body Diagram Analysis

The forces acting on the monkey are the upward tension ($T$) of the rope and the downward force of gravity ($mg$). Per Newton's Second Law ($\sum F = ma$), where the upward direction is considered positive:

Monkey T mg

Step 3: Formulating the Equation of Motion

Applying the equation of motion:

$T - mg = ma$ [Per Newton's Second Law]
$T = m(g + a)$

Step 4: Algebraic Calculation

Substituting the given values into the equation:

$T = 40 \text{ kg} \times (9.8 \text{ m/s}^2 + 6 \text{ m/s}^2)$
$T = 40 \text{ kg} \times (15.8 \text{ m/s}^2)$
$T = 632 \text{ N}$

Step 5: Comparative Analysis against Safety Limits

We compare the calculated tension $T$ with the given maximum threshold $T_{max}$:

Parameter Value
Calculated Tension ($T$) $632 \text{ N}$
Max Tension ($T_{max}$) $600 \text{ N}$

Since $T > T_{max}$ ($632 \text{ N} > 600 \text{ N}$), the tension exerted exceeds the physical limit of the material integrity of the rope.

Final Solution: The rope will break, as the tension exerted ($632 \text{ N}$) exceeds the maximum breaking tension of the rope ($600 \text{ N}$).


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